明清时期河西走廊的寄住民族、寄住城堡与寄住政策  

On the Lodged Peoples(寄住民族),Lodging Fortress(寄住城堡) and Lodging Policy(寄住政策) in Hexi Corridor(河西走廊) during the Ming and Qing Dynasties

作　　者：闫天灵[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学民族学与社会学学院

出　　处：《中国边疆史地研究》2009年第4期33-46,共14页China's Borderland History and Geography Studies

基　　金：2005年国家社科基金资助项目"明清以来河西走廊-祁连山地区民族关系研究"(批准号05BMZ028)中期成果

摘　　要：边疆民族及地方政权持续内迁而产生的寄住现象是明清西北边疆史的一项特别内容。明代关西八卫中的五卫及清初土鲁番畏兀儿政权都相继寄住河西走廊,断续相沿300余年而不绝,派生出一批时兴时废的寄住城堡。寄住政策是中国古代治边政策的一个单独范型,基本要义在于暂时内撤藩篱以重建藩篱。寄往政策在明朝终因国势走衰而未果,清朝成功实现了这一目标。但在保护边民安全、减少边民损失、减轻边防压力的意义上,明朝的寄住政策也是成功的。Some borderland peoples and their regimes were temporarily settled in inner region in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and these peoples became the lodged peoples.Five garrisons of the Guanxi Bawei(关西八卫) in the Ming dynasty,and Tulufan regime in the early Qing dynasty had been lodged in Hexi Corridor one after another,lasting for 300 years,which formed some lodging fortress which had been built and given up again and again.The lodging policy is a special model of China's ancient policy to rule its borderland,and its aim was to temporarily lodge these people for returning them back to where they lived after the crisis was got over.The Qing dynasty realized its aim,the Ming dynasty failed,however the Ming dynasty' lodging policy also successfully protected its borderland people and eased the pressure of its borderland defense.

关 键 词：明清时期 河西走廊 寄住民族 寄住城堡 寄住政策 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学] D691[历史地理—中国史]