时变条件下公路危险品罐车运输路线选择  

Route selection of tank-containing hazardous material transportation in time-varying conditions

作　　者：刘凯峥[1] 刘浩学[1] 付晓凤[1,2] 徐磊[3] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,西安710064 [2]西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,西安710055 [3]长安大学经济与管理学院,西安710064

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2009年第6期148-151,共4页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：交通部重点软科学项目(2006-312-812-160)

摘　　要：为合理选择公路运输危险品路线,保障运输安全,将用于求解静态路径规划问题的Dijkstra标号法进行推广和改进,提出指标累积值标号法,运用该方法并依据危险品罐车运输事故统计数据,建立了时变条件下以路段泄漏事故率、路侧人口密度及路段运输费用为指标的危险品罐车公路运输路线选择模型,并给出待选路线对比原则。实例应用表明,该模型充分考虑了事故概率、事故后果及运输成本3大危险品运输路线选择影响因素,使用方便且受主观因素影响小,具有较好的实用性。The paper is aimed to introduce an innovative method on the optimal choice of hazardous material highway transportation if time choice is allowed to be optional. So far as we know, approximately 80% of the accidents come up on the highway transportation are said to be related to the transportation of such hazardous materials. In addition, serious accidents are likely to cause heavy casualty and disastrous environmental pollution. To ensure the safety of hazardous material transportation and decrease the damage and loss, the paper has not only extended and improved the dijkstra algorithm, which is widely used to achieve the goal of the static route choice of optimization, but also puts forward an improved method for marking the place names and that of marking the value of the accumulative indexes so as to make the route selection done logically and ideally. Based on the study of the statistical data of more than 500 tank-car transportation accidents, time correction coefficient of such accident rate and leakage probability correction coefficient after the accidents, we have put forward the starting backgrounds for the simulated model establishment. At the same time, a method for marking the accumulative index value has also been used to establish a route selection model under time-varying conditions. In our model, leakage probability on the road sections, the roadside population density and the transport costs are respectively defined as route selection indexes and the principles for route selection. Our case study for such model applications indicates that the model is feasible for such multi-objective optimization issues. It takes into detailed account the most important three route selection factors, that is, the accident probability, the accident severity and the transport cost. Moreover, the proposed model is not only convenient and practical in use but also objective and independent of the subjective influential factors.

关 键 词：交通运输安全工程 罐车公路运输 路线选择 危险品 时变条件 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]