底层、学校与阶级再生产  

Social Underclass,School,and Class Reproduction

作　　者：熊易寒[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院,200433

出　　处：《开放时代》2010年第1期94-110,共17页Open Times

基　　金：作者主持的教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目<塑造新公民:农民工子女的价值观与行为模式研究>(项目编号:09YJC810006)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：对于处在城市底层的农民工子女而言,学校意味着什么?是实现向上流动的阶梯,还是迈向阶级再生产的驿站?公办学校向农民工子女开放是否会带来社会流动机会的增加?研究发现:就读于公办学校的农民工子女,其成长的过程存在显著的"天花板效应",一方面认同主流价值观,渴望向上流动,另一方面则制度性地自我放弃。而农民工子弟学校则盛行"反学校文化",通过否定学校的价值系统、蔑视校方和教师的权威而获得独立与自尊,同时心甘情愿地提前进入次级劳动力市场,加速了阶级再生产的进程。两类机制虽有差异,却殊途同归地导向阶级再生产而非社会流动。What does ＂school＂ mean to the children of farmers-turned-workers who are at the lowest level in the hierarchy of urban society？ Does it mean a ladder for upward social mobility？ Or does it mean another station of class reproduction？ Will the opening of public schools to these children from the social underclass increase their social mobility？ Studies by the author show that the children of farmers-turned-workers demonstrate a conspicuous ＂ceiling effect＂ in their process of growth. On the one hand, they subscribe to the mainstream values and aspire for moving up the ladder in society. On the other hand, they are systematically resigned to self-abandonment. In the schools where they study, ＂anti-school＂ culture prevails, and they seek independence and dignity through transgressing against school values and despising the authority of school management and the teaching staff. On their own initiative, they wouldn＇t wait until due time to enter the second-class labor market, thereby accelerating the class reproductive process. The two values may vary, but they finally converge to lead to class reproduction rather than social mobility.

关 键 词：公办学校 再生产 阶级 农民工子女 农民工子弟学校 次级劳动力市场 社会流动 主流价值观 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]