产表面活性剂菌筛选及其对柴油降解影响研究  

Isolation of biosurfactant producing microorganisms and influence on degradation of diesel oil

作　　者：刘伟[1] 刘红玉[1] 曾光明[1] 李镜[1] 武金装[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学环境科学与工程学院,长沙410082

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2010年第1期219-225,共7页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家"863"高技术研究发展计划项目(2004AA649370);湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(05JJ30021)

摘　　要：运用微生物培养方法,从饭店排污口污泥中筛选了7株产表面活性剂菌株。为了研究产表面活性剂菌在柴油降解过程中所产生的影响,分别将这些菌株与柴油降解菌(实验室提取的另一株假单胞菌)共同作用,其中一株(B_(26))不但可以将降解诱导期从6 d缩短至4 d,而且能将降解率由原来的71.1%提高至80.6%,具有较大的研究价值。实验着重对B_(26)的作用机理、柴油降解的影响因素等进行了分析研究。经形态学和生理生化实验鉴定,B_(26)属于芽孢菌属,其代谢过程中产生脂肽类表面活性剂,利用冷冻干燥法提取生物表面活性剂产量为1.57 g/L。Seven biosurfactant producing strains, obtained from sewage of a restaurant by method of microbe cultivation, were respectively interacted with a diesel oil degradable bacteria （a kind of Pseudomonas strains obtained also in lab） to study the influences of biosurfactants on diesel oil degradation. The interaction showed that B26 , one of the seven strains, could not only reduce the degradation induction peoriod from 6 days to 4 days but also increase the degradation rate from 71. 1% to 80.6% , which deserved further research. All tests were focused on analysis of mechanism and the affecting factors in diesel oil degradation. Based on the morphological, physiological and biochemical test results, B26 was identified as Bacillus sp. , in whose metabolism lipopeptide biosurfactant could be produced, and 1.57 g/L of them could be extracted using the freeze-drying method.

关 键 词：生物表面活性剂 筛选 降解率 冷冻干燥法 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]