长白山金川泥炭地圆叶茅膏菜的生态可塑性  

The Ecological Plasticity of Drosera rotundifolia in Jinchuan Peatland of Changbai Mountains

作　　者：汤袁[1] 卜兆君[1] 陈祥义[1] 李辉[1] 李爽[1] 翁翎燕[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]国家环境保护湿地生态与植被恢复重点实验室,东北师范大学泥炭沼泽研究所,吉林长春130024 [2]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《湿地科学》2009年第4期358-362,共5页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30700055);东北师范大学“十一五”科技创新基金项目(NENU-702)资助

摘　　要：圆叶茅膏菜(Drosera rotundifolia)是营养贫乏型泥炭地的典型食虫植物。于2006年9月,应用"固有年际标记"确定长白山金川泥炭地边缘(A)和中心(B)圆叶茅膏菜种群的年龄结构,研究其生态可塑性。结果表明,两种群植株分别由5个龄级和4个龄级组成,年龄结构分别呈衰退型和稳定型。两个种群平均高度相差35.9%(nA=80,nB=110,P<0.01),泥炭地边缘的生境更有利于植株高度的生长。各龄植株的平均高度均随龄级增加而呈相似线性增长规律(nA=80,nB=110,P<0.05)。泥炭地边缘植株平均叶长、叶宽、叶柄长均高于中心(nA=74,nB=104,P<0.01),而叶片表面的触毛密度则相反,泥炭地边缘植株的触毛密度显著低于中心(nA=74,nB=104,P<0.01)。由于泥炭地边缘较中心生境土壤养分丰富,昆虫数量多,光竞争强烈,导致圆叶茅膏菜在植株高度、叶片形态、触毛密度方面表现出很高的生态可塑性,高生态可塑性应是圆叶茅膏菜种群适应泥炭地异质环境的重要手段。As a typical perennial carnivorous plant, Drosera rotundifolia added its poor nutrition by pursuing prey, and mainly distributed in oligotrophic peatlands. In Jinchuan Peatland （40°20′56″N, 126°26′51″E）of the Changbai Mountains, Northeast China, age of shoots was identified with ＇innate annual marker＇ method to determine age structure of Drosera rotundifolia populations both in the margin （A）and the center（B） of Jinchuan peatland in september,2006, to study the ecological plasticity of two D. rotundifolia populations . The results showed that the shoots were composed of 5 age classes and 4 age classes and showed declining and stable age structure for margin and center populations respectively, which resulted from the margin habitat was more vulnerable by artificial disturbance than the center habitat. The plants mean height in the center population was 35.9% shorterthan that of the margin population（ nA = 80, nB = 110 ,P 〈 0.01 ）, because the habitat in the margin was more favorable to the height growth. Shoots mean height also increased with aging, and showed similar patterns of linear function （nA = 80, nB= 110, P 〈 0.01 ）. Mean leaf length, leaf width, petiole length per shoot in the margin was higher than those in the center（ nA = 74, nB= 104, P 〈 0.01 ）. But tentacle density on the upper surface of the leaf per plant were in the opposite way（ nA = 74,nB = 104 ,P 〈 0.01 ）. Compared with the center habitat, the margin habitat had richer nutrient, more insects, and stronger light competition. D. rotundifolia showed high ecological plasticity in shoot height, leave morphology and tentacle density, which resulted from difference in light, nutrient and insect resources availability in the two habitats. D. rotundifolia allocated limited energy to the growth of body size and tentacle reasonably. This resource allocation strategy and the high ecological plasticity were important ways for D. rotundifolia to adapt itself to the highly heterogeneous environment in p

关 键 词：圆叶茅膏菜 泥炭地 年龄结构 触毛密度 长白山 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]