轻量化设计的重型卡车车厢应力有限元数值模拟  

FEA Numerical Simulation for Weight Lightening Design via Carriage's Stress of Heavy-Duty Truck

作　　者：王晓南[1] 邸洪双[1] 梁冰洁[1] 杜林秀[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学轧制技术及连轧自动化国家重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110004

出　　处：《东北大学学报（自然科学版）》2010年第1期60-63,共4页Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science)

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2006CB605208)

摘　　要：基于重型卡车车厢的轻量化设计,利用有限元软件ANSYS对600MPa级高强车厢板替代Q345B车厢板后整体结构强度和刚度的变化进行数值模拟分析.结果表明:在50t静载荷作用下,主纵梁受到的等效应力值最大,外纵梁和底板横筋次之,车厢底/侧/前/后板较小;600MPa级车厢板可以满足结构强度要求,并且有130MPa左右的强度富余量,而Q345B车厢板无强度富余量;车厢弹性总位移的最大值和最小值分别出现在车厢侧板中上部和车厢底板中部,600MPa级高强车厢的弹性总位移较Q345B车厢偏大,由于厚度减薄其结构刚度有所降低;该模拟结果已用于指导实际生产,车厢减重达到21%左右,且载重量有所提高,为进一步的理论研究和实际生产提供了理论基础.To make the design weight of the carriage of heavy-duty truck lighter, the FEA software ANSYS was applied to the numerical simulation of the changes in structural strength and rigidity after using the 600 MPa high-strength platform floor plate instead of the Q345B plate. The results showed that making the high-strength plate in different use under the action of 50 t static load, the equivalent stress in the main longitudinal bearer is maximum, while that in the outer stringer and floor＇s cross reinforcements is less, with the minimum at the bottom/side/ {rontAoack plate. The 600 MPa floor plate can meet the requirement for structural strength of which the margin is around 130 MPa, and no margin can be found for Q345B plate. The maximum and minimum of total elastic displacement are found at the middle/upper part of side plate and the middle part of bottom plate, respectively, and, as a whole, the total elastic deformation of the carriage made from the 600 MPa plate is greater than that made from Q345B because of the reduced structural rigidity due to decreased plate thickness. The simulation results have been applied in actual production, and the weight of truck＇s carriage is therefore reduced by about 21% with tonnage capability improved somewhat. A theoretical foundation is thus laid down for further investigation and practical production.

关 键 词：车厢 轻量化 数值模拟 结构强度 结构刚度 

分 类 号：TG355[金属学及工艺—金属压力加工]