鸭粪提取物对水稻纹枯病菌的影响及其有效成分分析  

Analysis of the components and control effect on Rhizoctonia solani of duck manure extract

作　　者：张亚[1] 廖晓兰[1] 刘薇[2] 黄璜[2] 薛正杰[1] 龙攀[2] 沈建凯[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物安全科学技术学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2010年第1期102-105,共4页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(863-306~ZD05-3-E);国家自然科学基金项目(39670142)资助

摘　　要：为探明稻鸭共养模式抑制水稻纹枯病发生的原因,以稻鸭共养模式的鸭粪提取物为研究对象,对其抑菌活性及有效成分进行了测定和分析,以期为水稻纹枯病生物防治提供新的途径。结果表明:鸭粪乙醇提取物对水稻纹枯病菌有抑制作用,24h内最高菌丝生长抑制率和EC50分别为88.64%、26.11mg·mL-1;鸭粪乙醇提取物经萃取分离得到石油醚和乙酸乙酯两种组分,其中石油醚组分抑菌效果较弱,乙酸乙酯组分抑菌能力较强,其对水稻纹枯病菌抑制率为89.70%,EC50为15.52mg·mL-1;对乙酸乙酯组分进行硅胶柱层析分离得到5种流份,其中第2流份有显著抑菌活性,在24h和48h内对水稻纹枯病菌的抑制率分别为89.58%和80.36%。GC-MS分析表明,鸭粪的抑菌物质主要为酚酸类和含硫醇有机物质,进一步纯化和鉴定有待研究。Duck manure from rice-duck eco-farming plays a crucial role in controlling Rhizoctonia solani.In this study,the antibacterial activity and effective components of duck manure extracts were analyzed for R.solani.Duck manure extracts via ethanol respectively has highest inhibition rate of 88.64% and EC 50 of 26.11 mg·mL-1 against R.solani.The extract was further separated into two parts and one part separated by ethyl acetate while the other was separated by petroleum ether.Based on the inhibition experiment against R.solani,ethly acetate extract has a rather strong effect on R.solani with 89.70% inhibition rate and 15.52 mg·mL ？1 EC 50.The effect of petroleum ether extract on R.solani is relatively weak.The former was again divided into five parts in silica gel column,of which the second part significantly inhibits R.solani.During the periods of 24 and 48 hrs,the inhibition rate of the second part on R.solan is respectively 89.58% and 80.36%.GC-MS analysis suggests that the second part contains phenol sour and sulfur alcohol,which best suits further purification and identification.

关 键 词：鸭粪 稻鸭共养模式 水稻纹枯病 抑菌活性 有效成分 

分 类 号：S432.4[农业科学—植物病理学]