氮、磷、钾肥不同施用量对水稻产量和品质性状的影响  

Effects of N,P and K Fertilizers Application Rates on the Yield and Quality Traits of Rice

作　　者：丁得亮[1] 张欣[1] 崔晶[1] 施利利[1] 王松文[1] 周大强[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津农学院农学系,天津300384

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2009年第12期22-24,共3页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：天津市农业科技成果转化与推广项目(0704190);天津市科技计划项目(07ZHXHNC05800);天津市教委"十五"重点学科投资项目

摘　　要：采用3因素5水平正交试验设计,研究了氮、磷、钾不同施用量对水稻产量和品质性状的影响。结果表明：氮素对产量性状的影响顺序为地上干重〉单株有效穗数〉单株粒重〉根干重〉谷草比〉经济系数,对品质性状的影响顺序为蛋白质含量〉食味值〉胴割粒率〉正常粒率〉粉状粒率。若以高产为目标,纯氮施用量应为276～414 kg/hm^2,与目前天津地区生产上实际的施肥水平相符;若以优质为目标,纯氮施用量应≤138 kg/hm^2,即水稻优质栽培应降低氮肥的施用量。The effects of N, P and K fertilizers application rates on the yield and quality traits of rice were studied using the orthogonal design with three factors and five levels. The results showed that the yield traits affected by N application were ranked in the following sequence ： terrestrial dry matter 〉 panicle number per plant 〉 grain weight per plant 〉 root dry weight 〉 grain-straw ratio 〉 economic coefficient, and as for quality traits, the order was protein content 〉 taste value 〉 striped grain rate 〉 normal kernel rate 〉 mealy kernel rate. When the high yield was set as the objective, the N application rate was 276 -414 kg/hm^2, which was in accordance with the practical fertilization level in Tianjin at present. When the high quality was set as the objective, the pure nitrogen application rate should be below or equal to 138 kg/hm^2, that is to say, rice cultivation for high quality should decrease N fertilizers application rates.

关 键 词：施肥量 水稻 产量 品质性状 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]