城镇青少年关心和遇到的生殖健康问题及寻医行为研究  

Reproductive Health Problems Concerned and Encountered and Doctor-Seeking Behaviors of Town Youth

作　　者：冯宁[1] 金曦[1] 杨琦[1] 周敏娜[2] 王鑫磊[2] 汪金鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心妇幼保健中心,北京100013 [2]中国人民大学

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2009年第12期1076-1079,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：联合国人口基金生殖健康项目应用性科研(编号:CHN6R51B)

摘　　要：目的了解我国城镇15～24岁青少年关心和遇到的生殖健康问题及寻医行为,为有针对性地开展青少年生殖健康教育和服务提供依据。方法用整群抽样的方法,在黑龙江、江苏、山东、广东、重庆和贵州6个省(直辖市)各选择1个中等发达的县级市(地级市的区、县城),共选取3361名15～24岁校内、校外未婚青少年接受问卷调查,并从中随机选取调查对象进行专题小组讨论。结果男青少年最关心生长发育和性发育带来的身体变化和生理现象以及避孕,女青少年对怀孕、生育和避孕的问题感兴趣。在青少年可能遇到的生殖健康问题中,生长发育、心理和人际交往方面问题、月经(女)问题是最常遇到的;8.8%～36.8%的青少年遇到过与性有关的问题,男性高于女性,校外高于校内;仅有4.9%～15.6%的青少年表示没有遇到过生殖健康方面的问题,男性高于女性;上述差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。84.4%～96.1%的青少年在遇到生殖健康问题时从来没有拨打过热线电话,64.2%～85.9%的青少年遇到生殖健康问题时从来没有就医,校外女青少年就医比例最高,为36.0%。女青少年因生殖健康问题就医的医疗机构主要是市(县)妇幼保健院和市(县)人民医院/市(县)医院,男青少年还包括市(县)中医院。城镇青少年在性与生殖健康方面想问和想说的内容中,"希望加强青少年生殖健康教育"在各类青少年中比例最高,为36.7%～55.2%。校内男青少年询问性、与异性关系方面的问题最多(16.5%)。结论青少年生殖健康教育应包括识别问题、寻医技能以及介绍青少年生殖健康服务的内容,并考虑不同类型青少年的特点和各自需求。Objective To understand reproductive health problems concerned and encountered by town youth aged 15 - 24 in China and their doctor-seeking behavior, in order to provide evidence for conducting targeted youth reproductive health education and service. Methods By using cluster sampling method, 3 361 in-school and out-school unmarried youth aged 15 -24 were selected from middle developed county cities （ county town or district of area city） located in Heilongjiang, Jiangsu, Shandong, Guangdong, Chongqing and Guizhou provinces （ municipality） and surveyed by questionnaire. Focus group discussions were conducted among youth selected randomly. Results Physical changes and physiological phe- nomenon caused by growth and development and sexual development and contraception were concerned by male youth, while female youth cared about pregnancy, birth and contraception. Problems in growth and development, psychology and interpersonal euntaet and menses （female） were most commonly encountered by youth among reproductive health problems youth possibly encounter. There were 8.8% -36.8% youth had encountered sex related problems, male more than female, out-school more than in-school ones. Only 4.9% - 15.6% investigated youth said they hadnt encountered any reproductive health problems, male more than female. All these differences were statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. About 84.4% - 96.1% and 64.2% - 85.9% youth didn＇t dial any consultation hotline or go to see a. doctor when they encountered reproductive health problems. The percentage （ 36.0% ） of going-to-see a doctor for reproductive health problems was highest among out-school female youth. Local maternal and child health hospital and town hospital were main hospitals chosen by female youth to resolve reproductive health problems. For male youth local hospital of traditional Chinese medicine was also included. Hoping to enhance youth reproductive health education （36.7% -55.2% ） was the most popular questions or sentences that youth want

关 键 词：生殖健康服务 知识 寻求卫生保健行为 青少年 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] G479[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]