RNA沉默机制及其介导的植物抗病毒基因工程研究进展  

Review on RNA silencing and its mediated-genetic engineering of plant virus-resistance

作　　者：杨科府[1] 陈瑜[1] 王慧中[1] 应奇才[1] 施农农[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学杭州分子生物和生物化学重点实验室,浙江杭州310036

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2009年第6期654-659,共6页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30770185);国家自然科学基金项目(30870180);浙江省科技计划项目(2006c32016)

摘　　要：RNA沉默是一种由双链RNA诱导同源RNA降解的现象,是植物的一种天然抗病毒机制。但是由于长期的共进化过程,一些病毒会在siRNA沉默途径以及miRNA沉默途径中编码一些抑制蛋白来对抗这种机制,使其作用受到抑制。文章对RNA沉默的发现、过程、抑制及其由RNA沉默介导的对RNA病毒、DNA病毒的抗性、以及由转病毒基因介导的病毒抗性等几种植物抗病机制。同时,对研究中所存在的一些问题作了分析,并就今后的研究重点和方向作了展望。RNA silencing is a phenomenon of homologous RNA degradation induced by dsRNA,which works as a natural virus-resistant mechanism in plant.However,in the long co-evolution progress,a number of inhibitory proteins coded by virus in the process of siRNA or miRNA silencing could antagonize and inhibit this mechanism.The discovery,process and inhibition of RNA silencing,as well as the research advances in plant virus-resistance induced by RNA silencing were reviewed.Several plant disease-resistance mechanism were discussed,inclulding the resistance of RNA viruses and DNA viruses mediated by RNA silencing and the virus resistance mediated by virus transgenes.Meanwhile,the problems existed in the research were properly analyzed,and the key points and the research directions of future prospect were discussed.

关 键 词：RNA沉默 DSRNA 植物抗病毒 基因工程 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学] Q78[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]