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作 者:高会议[1,2] 郭胜利[2,3] 刘文兆[2,3] 车升国[2]
机构地区:[1]中国科学院合肥智能机械研究所,合肥230031 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨凌712100
出 处:《环境科学》2010年第2期390-396,共7页Environmental Science
基 金:中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-YW-424-2)
摘 要:为评价土壤呼吸对施氮的响应,于2008年3月~2009年3月,监测了黄土旱塬区长期不同施氮水平条件下小麦连作系统中土壤呼吸日变化、季节变化以及不同生育期土壤可溶性碳(dissolved organic C,DOC)、微生物量碳(soil microbial biomass C,MBC)、土壤有机碳(soil organic C,SOC)和土壤全氮(soil total N,STN)的含量变化.研究涉及5个施氮水平(以N计)0(N0)、45(N45)、90(N90)、135(N135)和180(N180)kg/hm^2.结果表明,施氮量为0~90kg/hm^2时,土壤呼吸速率随施氮量的增加而显著升高;90~135kg/hm^2时,土壤呼吸速率随施氮量的增加略有增加;135~180kg/hm^2时,随着施氮量的增加土壤呼吸呈降低趋势.在一年监测期间,N0、N45、N90、N135、N180波动范围(以CO2计)分别为0.27~2.01、0.36~2.26、0.58~2.56、0.65~2.94和0.58~2.6μmol/(m^2·s).在季节变化尺度上,土壤呼吸具有显著的活跃期(3~10月)和微弱期(11月~次年2月).施氮显著影响DOC、MBC含量变化.土壤呼吸速率与DOC、MBC呈显著正相关,而与土壤碳氮比(C/N)呈显著负相关关系.To evaluate effects of nitrogen rates on soil respiration, we measured the diurnal and seasonal dynamic changes and the contents of the soil organic carbon (SOC) , soil dissolved organic carbon (DOC) , soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC) , and total soil nitrogen (TSN) under different growing seasons of winter wheat under the continuous systems from March in 2008 to March in 2009 at Changwu ecological station of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The experiment consists of five nitrogen rates : 0 ( N0 ) , 45 ( N45 ) , 90 (N90) , 135 (N135 ) , and 180 (NI80 ) kg/hm^2. Soil respiration rate significantly enhanced with increasing nitrogen rate ranging from 0 to90 kg/hm^2 and increased little from 90 to 135 kg/hm^2 , but decreased with increasing nitrogen rate from 135 to 180 kg/hm^2. At the seasonal change scale, there were an active phase of soll respiration from March to October and a weak phase of soil respiration from November to February. At the annual change scale, the fluctuate range of the treatments NO , N45, N90, N135 , and N180 were 0. 27-2.01 μ mol/(m^2 · s), 0.36-2.26 μ mol/(m^2 · s) 0.58-2.56 μ mol/(m^2 · s), 0.65-2.94 μ mol/(m^2 · s), and 0.58-2.6 μ mol/(m^2 · s), respectively. Nitrogen fertilization significantly affected the dynamic changes of DOC and MBC. There were significant positive correlations between soil respiration rate and DOC and MBC, while significant negative correlations with the C/N ratio.
关 键 词:施氮水平 土壤呼吸速率 土壤可溶性碳 微生物量碳 土壤碳氮比
分 类 号:X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]
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