蝉中汞含量及其分布特征研究  

Mercury Contents and Distribution Characteristics in Cicadae

作　　者：张仲胜[1,2] 吕宪国[1] 王起超[1] 郑冬梅[3] 张新艳[1,2] 郑娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所湿地生态与环境重点实验室,长春130012 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]沈阳大学污染环境的生态修复与资源化技术教育部重点实验室,沈阳110044

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第2期509-512,共4页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40830535);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2009CB42110303);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX3-SW-437)

摘　　要：研究了葫芦岛氯碱-有色冶金化工区蝉汞、膜翅汞及蝉蜕汞的含量,比较了蝉与其它昆虫汞含量的差异,探讨了汞在蝉体内的分布特征.结果表明,蝉汞含量很高,平均值为2.64 mg.kg-1,远高于对照点地区蝉汞含量(平均为1.00 mg.kg-1);蝉中汞的分布特征为蝉汞>膜翅汞(平均为0.98 mg.kg-1)>蝉蜕(平均为0.50 mg.kg-1);不同性别蝉体质量、汞含量存在显著差异,雌性蝉体质量(平均为1.11 g)显著高于雄性(平均为0.54 g);雌性蝉汞含量(平均为1.34 mg.kg-1)要显著低于雄性汞含量(平均为3.38 mg.kg-1);不同采样点中蝉汞含量差异明显,但是膜翅汞含量差异较小;蝉汞含量与土壤汞含量之间不存在显著的相关关系.蝉汞含量低于生命周期较长的蜻蜓汞含量,但是却远高于生命周期较短的其它昆虫,反映了环境汞污染在长生命周期昆虫的累积效应.Total mercury contents of cicadae bodies, wings and exuviaes were studied in Huludao City to discuss mercury distribution characteristics in cicadae and to reveal the environmental mercury accumulation effects in the long life-cycle insects through comparing cicadae with other insect species. The average mercury contents of cicadae bodies were 2.64 mg · kg^-1 and much higher than those in the contrast sites （ 1.00 mg· kg^-1 on average） in Huludao City. Mercury contents were found in the order of cicadae bodies 〉 wings （0.98 mg · kg^-1 on average） 〉 exuviaes （ 0. 50 mg · kg^-1 on average）. Sex differences of mercury contents and body weights of cicadae were significantly great. The females had larger body weights （ 1. 11 g on average） and lower mercury contents （ 1.34 mg · kg^-1 on average） than the males （body weight： 0. 54 g on average; mercury contents： 3.38 mg· kg^-1 on average）, respectively. Mercury contents of cicada＇ s bodies varied greatly with sample sites, mercury contents of wings changed little. No significant correlation was found between mercury contents of soil and cicadae bodies. Mercury contents of cicadae were lower than those of dragonflies, higher than those of other insects with shorter life-cycle periods and it reflected the accumulation effects of environmental mercury in the long life-cycle insects such as cicadae.

关 键 词：蝉 膜翅 蝉蜕 汞 分布 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]