汶川地震灾区1960名中学生创伤后应激障碍症状调查  

Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms among middle school students after Wenchuan earthquake

作　　者：向莹君[1] 熊国玉 董毅强 马道川 刘之月[1] 刘潇霞[1] 曾子倩[1] 张驯[1] 曹奕[1] 袁萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西公共卫生学院流行病教研室,成都610041 [2]汶川县威州中学,四川汶川623000 [3]汶川县七盘沟九年一贯制学校,四川汶川623000 [4]汶川县绵虒中学,四川汶川623000

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2010年第1期17-20,共4页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的:了解汶川大地震灾区中学生创伤后应激障碍症状(Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder,PTSD)的发生率。方法:采用方便取样。以汶川地震灾区3所中学1960名中学生为研究对象,用创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)症状清单平民版(PTSD Checklist-Civilian version,PCL-C)(分B、C、D三组症状群),进行自填式调查。结果:(1)PTSD症状群筛查总阳性率为78.3%,B组阳性率最高(68.9%)。(2)女性、高年级、少数民族、来自农村、地震中受伤、家庭财产受损学生PTSD症状总体阳性率及三组症状群阳性率均分别高于男性、低年级、汉族、来自城镇、地震中未受伤、家庭财产未受损失学生[如,PTSD总体阳性率:女82.2%,男73.9%,P<0.05]。(3)女生和农村学生重度PTSD症状发生率高于男生和城镇学生(27.9%vs.19.9%,26.7%vs.21.4%,均P<0.05)。结论:创伤后应激障碍症状是地震重灾区中学生主要心理问题,不同特征的中学生创伤后应激障碍症状表现及严重程度不同,应采取有针对性的干预措施。Objective： To investigate the prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder （PTSD） symptoms in middle school students after Wenchuan earthquake. Methods： The PTSD Checklist-Civilian version （ PCL-C ）, which included three symptom groups （A, B, and C）, was used to assess the PTSD symptoms in 1960 middle school students in the disaster region through self-questionnaire. Results： （ 1 ） The general positive rate of PTSD symptoms was 78.3 %, and that of B group was the highest （ 68.9% ） . （ 2 ） The rates of general PTSD and three symptom groups of PTSD were higher in girls, high grade students, minority groups, rural students, injured in earthquake and those who lost family property than in boys, low grade students, the Han nationality, urban students, not injured in earthquake and those who did not lost family property [ such as, the general positive rate of PTSD symptoms ： girls 82. 2%, boys 73.9%, P 〈 0. 05 ] . （ 3 ） The rates of severe PTSD symptoms in girls and rural students were higher than that in boys and urban students （ 27. 9% vs. 19. 9%, 26. 7% vs. 21.4%, Ps 〈 0. 05 ） . Conclusions ： PTSD symptoms are common among middle school students in earthquake region. Targeted measures should be taken to protect middle school students from PTSD in earthquake region.

关 键 词：创伤后应激障碍 中学生 自然灾害 横断面调查 

分 类 号：B845.67[哲学宗教—心理学] R749.5[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]