不同小豆品种(系)叶片衰老与活性氧代谢  

Leaf Senescence and Reactive Oxygen Metabolism in Different Adzuki Bean Cultivars (Lines)

作　　者：宋慧[1] 冯佰利[1] 高小丽[1] 高金锋[1] 王鹏科[1] 柴岩[1] 张盼盼[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《作物学报》2010年第2期347-353,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：食用豆产业技术体系专项;国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(nyhyzx07);国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD02B08);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2006AA100201);西北农林科技大学唐仲英育种基金(No.50)资助

摘　　要：以高产小豆品种(系)2000-75、冀红9218和低产品种(系)红宝1号、湾选1号为材料,研究小豆开花至成熟期主茎开花节叶片的叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、酶促防御系统保护性酶超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和丙二醛(MDA)积累量的变化规律。结果表明,小豆开花后,随着衰老进程的推进,主茎开花节位叶片自下向上依次衰老,其叶绿素、可溶性蛋白含量、SOD、CAT活性均呈下降趋势,POD活性、MDA积累量持续上升。与低产品种(系)相比,高产品种(系)主茎开花节位叶片衰老缓慢,生育后期仍保持较高的叶绿素、可溶性蛋白含量和SOD、CAT活性,籽粒产量高。相关分析表明,小豆产量与生育后期各节位叶片的叶绿素、可溶性蛋白含量、SOD、CAT活性呈极显著正相关,POD活性和MDA含量与产量呈现显著负相关。研究表明,小豆生育后期,有效控制和延迟叶片衰老,对籽粒产量形成具有重要作用。To examine the relation of leaf senescence and its reactive oxygen metabolites from different nodes of various adzuki bean cultivars, to explore the aging mechanisms of adzuki bean leaf, to find out the intrinsic yield-forming mechanisms and to provide a theoretical basis for high-yield breeding and production of adzuki beans. We conducted a field experiment, two high-yielding cultivars, 2000-75 and Jihong 9218, and two low-yielding cultivars, Hongbao 1 and Wanxuan 1, all adopted in the summer planting ecological region of China, were grown in 2008 and their leaf physiological indices, such as chlorophyll content, soluble-protein content, SOD, CAT and POD activities and MDA accumulations, were measured from flowering to ripening stages. The results showed that after flowering of the cultivars, their functional leaves aged gradually from bottom nodes to top nodes, and showed decreased chlorophyll and soluble-protein contents, decreased SOD and CAT activities and increased POD activities and MDA accumulations in the proceed of senescence, for which there were significant differences among cultivars. Compared with the low-yielding varieties, the leaves of the high-yielding cultivars aged slower, showing relatively higher contents of chlorophyll and soluble-protein, higher activities of SOD and CAT at the late growth stage, and thus resulting significantly higher grain yields. The overall data indicated that yield is positively correlated with leaf chlorophyll and soluble-protein contents, as well as SOD and CAT activities and negatively associated with POD activities and MDA accumulations at the late growth stage. Therefore, effective inhibition of leaf senescence or prolonging the functional period of leaves at the late growing stage plays an important role in raising yield.

关 键 词：小豆 叶片衰老 叶绿素含量 活性氧代谢 

分 类 号：S521[农业科学—作物学]