骨纳米微结构与机械强度  

Relationships between bone nanostructure and mechanical properties

作　　者：王雪鹏[1] 郝永强[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院骨科,上海市骨科内植物重点实验室,上海200011

出　　处：《中华骨质疏松和骨矿盐疾病杂志》2009年第4期254-259,共6页Chinese Journal Of Osteoporosis And Bone Mineral Research

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划;2009AA03Z311);上海市卫生局课题(2008124);上海市骨科内植物重点实验室建设基金(08DZ2230300)

摘　　要：骨强度主要由骨密度和骨质量两方面决定。骨质量属于骨生物力学范畴,用以描述骨的材料学特征和结构强度,骨质量下降则骨脆性增加。与骨质量密切相关的骨显微结构、代谢转化率、积累性损伤以及骨矿化和骨重建等因素都会影响骨强度。正常骨组织内各个纳米级组分的结构形态、生理特征和机械强度决定整体骨质量。了解骨基质内独立胶原纤维和矿化晶体的纳米级结构特征对理解骨质量具有重要意义。本文试从骨基质内部胶原纤维排列和导向、矿物晶体几何学形貌和构筑以及两者聚合方式等方面,讨论骨纳米级结构与骨强度的关系。Bone strength is determined mainly by bone mass and quality. The latter includes several aspects of bone structure and composition, including microarchitecture, bone turnover, bone remodeling, the degree and distribution of mineralisation, the extent of microdamage and its repair, et al. Although bone mineral density measurements assess the quantity of bone, the quality of the .tissue is a predictor of fragility. Bone can be considered a composite material, where the nanoscale characteristics of its constituents are important to the overall quality of bone. Understanding nanoscale properties of bone is critical to understanding bone fragility in osteoperosis. In this review, we described physical and mechanical properties of each constituent, such as mineral crystal size and Orientation, collagen fibril diameter and orientation, and the interaction of collagen fibers and mineral crystals, and discussed the relationships between bone nanostructure and mechanical properties.

关 键 词：骨强度 骨质量 骨纳米微结构 胶原纤维 矿物晶体 

分 类 号：R366[医药卫生—病理学]