坡面水蚀与细沟发育过程模拟研究  

Simulation of Soil Erosion and Rill Evolution for Overland Flow

作　　者：龙满生[1,2] 何东健[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学机械与电子工程学院,杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学信息工程学院,杨凌712100

出　　处：《系统仿真学报》2010年第2期348-352,共5页Journal of System Simulation

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基金(2004D12)

摘　　要：为了分析次降雨过程中的细沟发育规律,提出从二维浅水方程和泥沙输移方程出发建立坡面水蚀模型,利用有限体积法模拟坡面径流与侵蚀产沙的时空分布及微地貌发育过程的方法。模型由二维浅水方程、Green-Ampt入渗模型、Gash林冠截留模型以及经验侵蚀与沉积公式组成,具有易于实现的优点。通过对摩阻源项进行点隐式处理,提高了数值稳定性,可处理干床面和微小水深。结果表明,模型能够模拟复杂坡面在次降雨过程中的径流侵蚀及细沟发育规律。A water erosion model for overland flow was proposed to simulate the rill evolution. This model is based on the two-dimensional shallow water equations and sediment transport equation. Finite volume method was adopted to model the spatial and temporal distribution of runoff and erosion, and the microtopography evolution. The model consists of the two-dimensional shallow water equations, Green-Ampt infiltration model, modified Gash interception model, and empirical erosion and deposition functions. To improve the model stability and to handle the dry bed problem, friction slope term was solved by using the point-implicit method. Experimental results demonstrate that this model can simulate the rill evolution for overland flow on complex slope in a rainfall event.

关 键 词：坡面径流 土壤侵蚀 浅水方程 细沟发育 有限体积法 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] TV121[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]