纽伦堡审判在当代国际人权保护中的作用  

On the Significance of Nuremberg Trials in Protection of the International Human Rights in Modern Times

作　　者：黎尔平[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]汕头大学法学院 [2]哈佛大学

出　　处：《北方法学》2010年第1期108-114,共7页Northern Legal Science

摘　　要：纽伦堡审判犹如当代国际人权法发展历程上的里程碑,它将自然法思想引入到以法律实证主义为基础的实在法中,突破了国家主权在国际人权保护中形成的障碍,明确了个人应承担的国际法责任与义务,使个人成为国际法的不法主体,进而使法律的"应然"与"实然"结合在一起。联合国发扬光大了纽伦堡审判的精神和实质,使国际人权法成为国际法中的一个重要分支,从纽伦堡审判到《国际刑事法院规约》的生效,后者目前所遇到的问题与60年前的情况相似,它是否能如设计者所希望的那样还需大国在其中发挥更大的作用。The Nuremberg Trials is the landmark for the International Human Rights development, by which the natural law ideas were introduced into positive laws, and the obstruction of the national sovereignty in protecting the International Human Rights was cleared away. Accordingly, individuals can become the subjects of offense of International laws and the liabilities and obligations are clarified, thus integrating the ＂ideal＂ law and ＂positive＂ law. The United Nations enhanced the spirit and essence of the Nuremberg Trials by making the law on International Human Rights a major part of International Laws. The International Criminal Court Statute, which took effect 60 years later, encountered similar problems as those of the Nuremberg Trials, and whether it can act as the legislators expect depends on a better contribution by nations with great powers.

关 键 词：纽伦堡审判 国际人权保护 国家主权 《国际刑事法院规约》 

分 类 号：D997.9[政治法律—刑法学] D082[政治法律—国际法学]