视觉工作记忆对注意选择的自动导向作用  

The Automatic Guidance of Attentional Selection From Visual Working Memory

作　　者：潘毅[1] 许百华[1] 金红军[1] 刘伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学心理与行为科学系,杭州310028 [2]杭州电子科技大学自动化学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《心理科学》2010年第1期31-35,共5页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家基础科学人才培养基金(J0630760)资助项目

摘　　要：对Downing(2000)的实验范式加以改进使得实验设计完全符合检验记忆驱动注意捕获所需要满足的标准,实验一采用要求被试在工作记忆保持阶段完成探测区分任务的双任务范式,结果发现被试对呈现在匹配物体空间位置上的探测项反应时显著快于对呈现在非匹配物体空间位置上的探测项反应时,而在实验二中当对被试没有记忆要求时却没有发现这种空间位置一致的优势效应,说明视觉工作记忆内容对选择性注意产生了自动导向作用。A great many researches investigating whether contents of visual working memory （VWM） automatically guide selective attention are in.spired by the biased-competition model of attention proposed by Desimone and Duncan （1995）. We here improved the task paradigm used by Downing （2000） in order to make our experimental design perfectly meet all criteria for correctly testing the memory-drlvan attentional capture. Experiment 1 adopted a dual-task paradigm in which participants were required to perform a probe discrimination task during the retention interval of VWM. The results showed that participants were significantly quicker to detect the probe stimulus if it was presented at the location of the matching object. However, when there was no memory requirement for participants in Experiment 2, this match-location advantage effect disappeared. The results of the present study strongly support the automatic guidance hypothesis that visual attention is automatically deploved to items matching the current contents of VWM.

关 键 词：视觉工作记忆 注意选择 偏向竞争模型 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] G210[哲学宗教—心理学]