5岁儿童对熟悉面孔的特征信息识别  

5-year-olds' Featural Information Recognition of Familiar Faces

作　　者：王哲[1] 葛列众[1] 袁中庆[2] 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学心理系,杭州310018 [2]<中学生天地>编辑部,杭州310012

出　　处：《心理科学》2010年第1期122-125,共4页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：关于儿童面孔认知的已有研究大多未曾控制好实验材料的熟悉度。研究选用10个同班同学的面孔作为材料,考察了5岁儿童对熟悉面孔的识别特点。结果发现,5岁儿童能准确辨认同伴的面孔。依赖面孔的部分信息(内、外轮廓)甚至单一部件(眼睛),儿童辨认同伴面孔的成绩就可以高于随机水平。儿童的面孔识别模式和成人相似,辨认内轮廓的绩效高于外轮廓,眼睛的绩效高于鼻子和嘴巴。儿童识别自我面孔的模式和成人相反,辨认他人面孔的成绩好于辨认自我面孔。实验证明熟悉度是影响儿童面孔识别绩效的重要因素。The question of whether familiarity has an effect on children＇s face recognition has still not been answered clearly in previous studies. Faces of ten classmates were used to measure 5-year-old children＇s performance of recognition of familiar face, whic had been familiar to Subjects for 3 semesters. The results showed that （ 1 ） 5-year-old children could recognize familiar classmates＇ faces with very high accuracy. （2） Their performances were much better than at the random level when stimuli were the inner or outer figure of the faces, and even only eyes. （3） Their performance on inner figures of faces is better than outer figures, and on the eyes is better than on the nose or the mouth. This pattern is similar to adults＇. （4） Their performance in self-face is much lower than on others＇, which is opposite to adults＇ performance pattern. The results of experiments above suggested that familiarity should be considered the key factor in children＇ s face recognition.

关 键 词：面孔辨认 儿童 性别 自我 熟悉度 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] TP391.4[哲学宗教—心理学]