甘肃省近58年春旱的气候特征及其对农业的影响  

Climatic characteristics of drought and it's influence on agriculture in Gansu Province in the past 58 years

作　　者：林婧婧[1,2] 申恩青[1,2] 刘德祥[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所,甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室,中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室,甘肃兰州730020 [2]兰州区域气候中心,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2010年第1期233-236,242,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：2009年中国气象局气候变化专项项目“西北极端干旱事件个例库及干旱指标数据集”;兰州区域气候中心创新基金

摘　　要：利用甘肃省80个气象观测站1951-2008年的春季（3-4月）历年降水量距平百分率确定干旱标准,统计分析历年春旱发生的频率和范围。结果表明：甘肃省春旱发生频率比较高,其频率范围为30%-50%,河西走廊为40%-50%,陇中北部和陇东为40%左右,陇中南部、陇南和甘南高原为30%左右。全省春旱频率呈增加趋势,河西、陇东和陇南呈增加趋势,陇中趋势平稳,2000-2008年全省及各地春旱次数都在迅速增加。在近58年中,全省春旱范围的历年变化呈逐渐扩大趋势,陇东和陇南与全省相同,河西和陇中呈逐渐缩小趋势。The frequency and range of yearly spring drought were calculated based on the data of precipitation in spring season （March to April） of 1951 -2008 from 80 meteorological observations in Gansu Province. The precipitation anomaly percentage was the measure of spring drought. The following results were obtained： Gansu had a high frequency of spring drought that ranged from 30 to 50 percent. The frequency of spring drought in Hexi Corridor was from 40 to 50 percent. In the north of Longzhong and Longdong regions, the frequency was nearly 40 percent. In the south of Longzhong, Longnan and Gan＇nan plateau, the frequency was nearly 30 percent. The frequency of spring drought in Gansu Province and in Hexi Corridor, Longdong, Longnan regions showed increasing trend, but it showed smooth trend in Longzhong. The number of spring drought was on rapid increase over the province and in different regions from 2000 to 2008. In the past 58 years, the yearly variations of spring drought range showed gradually expanding trend in Longdong and Long＇nan regains and the whole province, but showed gradually narrowing trend in Hexi Corridor and Longzhong regions.

关 键 词：甘肃省 春旱频率 春旱变化 农业 

分 类 号：S162.5[农业科学—农业气象学]