十四烷基芳基磺酸盐形成的分子有序组合体  

Molecular Organized Assemblies Formed by Tetradecyl Aryl Sulfonate

作　　者：于涛[1] 李钟[1] 丁伟[1] 罗石琼[1] 栾和鑫[1] 童维[1] 曲广淼[1] 程杰成[2] 

机构地区：[1]大庆石油学院化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]大庆油田有限责任公司科技发展部,黑龙江大庆163453

出　　处：《物理化学学报》2010年第2期317-323,共7页Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)(2005CB221300);黑龙江省研究生创新科研(YJSCX2008-044HLJ)资助项目~~

摘　　要：以表面张力法、碘光谱法、水增溶法和相态图法研究了自制的三种十四烷基芳基磺酸盐在不同条件下形成的分子有序组合体(胶束、反胶束和微乳液),并考察了分子结构、溶剂、无机盐和短链醇等对其的影响.结果表明:增加十四烷基芳基磺酸盐分子亲油基支化度,不利于其在水溶液或混合极性溶剂(乙二醇-水)中形成胶束而有利于其在非极性溶剂正庚烷中形成反胶束;溶剂极性的降低,促使表面活性剂溶液由胶束溶液→单体溶液→反胶束溶液转变;无机盐或短链醇的加入促进了水溶液中胶束的形成,且反离子价态数或醇烷基碳原子数越大,越有利于胶束形成;无机盐浓度的增加导致表面活性剂/正丁醇/正辛烷/NaCl/水形成的微乳液体系在一定温度下发生由WinsorI→WinsorIII→WinsorII型的转变.We investigated the micelles, reverse micelles, and microemulsions formed by three kinds of tetradecyl aryl sulfonates synthesized in our laboratory under different conditions using surface tension, iodine spectrometry, water solubilization, and phase diagram methods. The influences of molecular structure, solvents, inorganic saltss and short chain alcohols on these molecular organized assemblies were discussed. Results show that aqueous solutions or mixed polar solvents （EG-water） are unfavorable for micelle formation but that reverse micelle formation in non-polar solvents （n-heptane） is favorable when the branching coefficients of the lipophilic group in the tetradecyl aryl sulfonate molecules increase. A decrease in solvent polarity causes the surfactant solution to transform from a micellar solution to a monomer solution and then to a reverse micellar solution. Upon addition of inorganic salts or short chain alcohols, micelle formation is favored in aqueous solutions. Together with higher counter-ion valence states or alcohol alkyl carbon atoms, micelle formation increases even further. As the concentration of inorganic salt increases, the surfactant/ n-butanol/n-octane/NaCl/water microemulsion systems transform from Winsor I to Winsor III and then to Winsor II at specific temperatures.

关 键 词：微乳液 烷基芳基磺酸盐 分子有序组合体 胶束 反胶束 

分 类 号：O621.2[理学—有机化学]