“描述”次谓语与“结果”次谓语的语义阐释  

A Semantic Account of Depictive and Resultative Secondary Predication

作　　者：陈兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南文理学院,常德415000

出　　处：《外语学刊》2010年第1期62-66,共5页Foreign Language Research

摘　　要：根据不同句法特点,次谓语分为描述性次谓语和结果性次谓语。充当这两种次谓语的词必须是动态的,但是在一定语境中表静态意义的名词也可以充当次谓语。从语义角度看,结果性次谓语只具有界定性,而且一个句子只能界定一次;描述性次谓语既具有界定性也具有非界定性,这一特性决定次谓语在句中的共存情况;描述性次谓语具有论旨独立性,可以删除次谓语而不会引起句义合格性的变化,结果性次谓语因为与主谓语联系紧密,所以不具备论旨独立性。这两类次谓语与时间都关系密切,具有时间性。Secondary predications are divided into two kinds： depictives （subject -and object-oriented depictives） and resuhatives according to the differing syntactic properties. The words for depictives and resuhatives must be stage level, but in certain contexts, the individual-level words can be used as depictives. From semantics, resrultatives only has delimitedness while depictives have both delimitedness and nondelimitedness, which decides the co-existing of resuhatives and depictives. Depictives possess the feature of thematic independence, so that the meaning of the sentence won＇ t be changed even without it, while resuhatives have a close connection with the matrix verb, so it doesn＇t have thematic independence. Nevertheless, they both have timeliness.

关 键 词：描述性次谓语 结果性次谓语 界定性与非界定性 论旨独立性 时间性 

分 类 号：H314.3[语言文字—英语]