从盐湖产的粗氯化镁中高效提取氯化锂  

Extraction of Lithium Chloride from Crude Magnesium Chloride Stemmed from Salt Lakes

作　　者：台夕市[1] 方胜强[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学现代物理系

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》1998年第4期102-105,共4页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

摘　　要：为了从盐湖产出的粗氯化镁中高效地提取其中的氯化锂，先检测了原料的成分（Ｈ２Ｏ，４９．６７％；ＭｇＣｌ２，４３．２９％；ＬｉＣｌ，１．３９％；ＣａＣｌ２，０．０７％；ＮａＣｌ＋ＫＣｌ，５．５８％），有关氯化物在丙酮中的溶解度（ｇ／１００ｍｌ），ＬｉＣｌ，１．２［２５℃］１．０１４［８℃］；ＮａＣｌ，３×１０－５［２５℃］；ＫＣｌ，９×１０－５［２５℃］；ＣａＣｌ２，０．０１［２５℃］；ＭｇＣｌ２，０．０３［８℃］，和氯化锂在丙酮中溶解达到平衡所需时间（３ｍｉｎ）．由此拟定分离流程为：先用Ｎａ２ＣＯ３和ＮａＯＨ沉淀出Ｃａ，Ｍｇ，母液蒸干，然后用丙酮从足量且干固的碱金属氯化物中提取氯化锂．用模拟料的间歇提取实验获ＬｉＣｌ产品的纯度和收率分别为９９．９８％和９８．３９％；用除去Ｃａ，Ｍｇ的真料的干固物进行一级回流提取实验，获ＬｉＣｌ产品的纯度和收率分别约为９６％和７０％．基于上述结果。In order to recover lithium chloride from the crude magnesium chloride product stemmed from salt lakes, some parameters had been examined in advance, including the used feedstock composition(H 2O,49 67%;MgCl 2,43.29%;LiCl, 1.39%;CaCl 2,0.07%;NaCl+KCl, 5.58 %),the solubilities of relevant chlorides in acetone(g/100ml):LiCl,1.2 , 1.014 ;NaCl,3×10 -5, ;KCl, 9×10 -5, ;CaCl 2,0.01 ;MgCl 2, 0.03 , and the time needed for the dissolved equilibrium of LiCl in acetone(3min.). In view of these parameters, the procedure was established as follows:the Ca and Mg are precipitated by using NaOH and Na 2CO 3, the mother liquor evaporated, and the LiCl extracted by use of acetone from the dry dregs containing chlorides of Li, Na, and K. With the procedure above, the purifies and recoveries of LiCl have been obtained as 99.98% and 98.39% for the intermittent extraction with the simulated feedstock, and as 96% and 70% for the one step reflux extraction with the true feedstock, respectively. Based on these results, it may be expected to apply the present procedure to the industrial production of LiCl.

关 键 词：提取法 氯化锂 盐湖 粗氯化镁 

分 类 号：TS352[轻工技术与工程] TS396.2