小麦α-淀粉酶活性的遗传模型分析  

Analysis of the Genetic Model of the Activity of Wheat α-amylase

作　　者：薛香[1] 岳海凤[1] 郜庆炉[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院农学系,河南新乡453003

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2010年第4期1759-1760,共2页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：河南省高校创新人才培养工程(豫教高[2005]126号);河南省自然科学基金项目(0411032800;0511030900);河南省教育厅科技攻关项目(2006210013)

摘　　要：[目的]研究α-淀粉酶活性的遗传机理,为抗穗发芽小麦品种的选育和品质育种提供理论依据。[方法]利用已筛选出的α-淀粉酶活性差异大的小麦品种扬麦16和豫麦34进行杂交,创建P1、P2、F1、F2、B1、B26个不同世代群体,分别测定α-淀粉酶活性,按二参数、三参数、四参数和五参数遗传模型进行χ2测验。[结果]只有三参数模型中m、a、d都显著,说明三参数遗传模型即加性-显性遗传模型适合该资料,基因上位作用不明显,这说明α-淀粉酶不同基因位点间的关系为相互累加的关系,位点内既存在加性作用,也存在显性作用。该试验条件在加性-显性遗传模型下,该组合遗传群体中背景均值m为5.159±0.391,加性效应[a]的估值为1.502±0.390,显性效应[d]的估值为3.645±1.056,显性度为1.08>1。[结论]α-淀粉酶活性符合加性-显性遗传模型,基因上位作用不明显,并存在超显性遗传现象。[Objective]The theoretical basis of the wheat cultivar-breeding with anti-harvest sprouting and good quality was provided through the study on the genetic mechanism of the activity of α-amylase.[Method]6 wheat populations of different generations：P1,P2,F1,F2,B1 and B2,were created through the hybridization of wheat varieties Yangmai 16 and Yumai 34 with a big difference in the activity of α-amylase and the χ2 test of the genetic model of the experimental materials was conducted according to two parameters,three parameters,four parameters and five parameters.[Results]There was a significant difference in the value of m,a d only in three-parameter model,indicating that these data were adaptable for the genetic model of three-parameter：the additive-dominant genetic model.There was not significant genetic epistasis,indicating there was the cumulative relationship among the different gene locus of α-amylase;and inside gene locus there was both the additive effect and dominant role.In the experimental condition under the additive-dominant genetic model,the average value of the genetic background in combination：m was 5.159 ± 0.391,the valuation value of additive effect：[a],was 1.502 ± 0.390 and the valuation value of the dominance effect：[d],was 3.645 ± 1.056,with the dominant degree：1.08 1.[Conclusion]The activity of α-amylase was in line with the additive-dominance genetic model with the phenomenon of super-dominant inheritance and without the obvious genetic epistatic effect.

关 键 词：小麦 Α-淀粉酶活性 遗传模型 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]