长春市某小学7～12岁儿童牙周致病菌分布状态调查  

Distribution of periodontal pathogens in dental plaque samples from 7 to 12-years-old children of Changchun Ziqiang primary school

作　　者：倪雪岩[1] 伊田博 铃木基之[2] 吕亚林[1] 魏秀峰[3] 井上美津子 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院口腔医疗中心,100029 [2]日本昭和大学齿学部小儿齿科教室 [3]吉林大学口腔医学院黏膜病科

出　　处：《中华口腔医学杂志》2010年第2期75-79,共5页Chinese Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划（20050703-5）

摘　　要：目的应用聚合酶链反应（PCR）法对儿童口腔内牙龈卟啉单胞菌（Porphyromonas gingivalis，Pg）、伴放线放线杆菌（Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans，Aa）分布状态进行检测，探讨检出结果与牙周临床指标之间的关系。方法选取长春市自强小学151名7至12岁儿童为研究对象，选择右上颌中切牙唇面和右上颌第一磨牙颊面为被检部位，取龈上菌斑、记录探诊出血（bleeding on probing，BOP）、探诊深度（probing depth，PD）、牙龈指数（gingival index，GI），应用PCR法对两菌种进行检测。结果①儿童龈上菌斑中魄、Aa检出率为27．6％、54．3％；②6 颊面％、Aa的检出率（40．0％、57．9％）均高于1 唇面（15．5％、50．7％），Pg检出率差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01），且与BOP、PD、GI呈正相关；③Pg检出率随年龄增长呈逐渐增高趋势，Aa检出率在11—12岁组最高，其次为7—8岁组和9～10岁组；④BOP阳性部位Pg、Aa检出率（38．3％、65．4％）均高于BOP阴性部位（23．2％、50．5％），P〈0．05。在BOP阳性部位，随PD加深取检出率逐渐增高，特别是在PD≥4mm时，Pg检出率明显增高（P〈0．05），显示％检出率与BOP阳性、PD增加呈正相关。结论7—12岁儿童龈上菌斑中高频度分布着赡、Aa；上颌前牙区与磨牙区菌丛构成不同，％在磨牙区定植更早；两菌种检出率随年龄增长而增加，且与牙周临床指标密切相关，儿童早期采取牙周病的预防措施是非常必要的。Objective To detect the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalls （Pg） and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans（Aa） using polymerase chain reaction （PCR） in the oral plaque samples from children and investigate the relationship between bacteria and clinical parameters. Methods A total of 151 children aged 7 to 12 years were selected from Changchun Ziqiang primary school. The supragingival plaque sample was collected from the mesiobuccal and labial surfaces of the right maxillary central incisor and the right maxillary first molar. Extracted DNA from plaque samples was used for PCR analysis. Intraoral examination, probing depth （PD） and bleeding on probing （BOP）were performed and recorded. Results The detection rate for Pg was 27. 6% and Aa 54. 3% in supragingival plaque. The detection rates for Pg in molars were much higher than those in incisors （P 〈 0. 01 ）. The detection rate of Pg was positively related to BOP ＋ and PD. The detection rate for Pg increased gradually with aging, and the detection rate for Aa was highest in the group aged 11 to 12 and the detection rates for Pg and Aa were higher in the gingiva with BOP ＋ than that with BOP - （P 〈0, 05）. The detection rates for Pg increased remarkably with BOP ＋ and especially when PD was greater than 4 mm. Conclusions Detection rates of putative periodontal pathogens from healthy children of 7 to 12 years of age were high. The detection rates for Pg in molars were much higher than those in incisors, and the presence of Pg and Aa in supragingival plaque was related to periodontal parameters.

关 键 词：聚合酶链反应 紫单胞菌 龈 放线杆菌 伴放射菌 牙周致病菌 

分 类 号：R781.4[医药卫生—口腔医学]