紫云英还田方式对烟田土壤微生物及酶的影响  

EFFECT OF INCORPORATING MODELS OF Astragalus sinicus STRAW INTO SOIL ON MICROBES AND ENZYMES IN TOBACCO SOIL

作　　者：肖嫩群[1,2] 沈宝明[3] 谭周进[2] 张祺玲[3] 肖和艾[4] 张杨珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,湖南长沙410128 [2]湖南中医药大学,湖南长沙410208 [3]湖南农业大学生物安全科技学院,湖南长沙410128 [4]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,湖南长沙410125

出　　处：《核农学报》2010年第1期130-135,共6页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX2-YW-437);国家自然科学基金项目(40771116);国家支撑计划项目课题(2008BADA7B09)

摘　　要：为探明紫云英不同还田方式对土壤生物学特性的影响,选择合理的还田方式,通过定位试验进行了全层翻耕紫云英覆盖、全层翻耕紫云英深埋和全层翻耕紫云英不还田3种方法对烟草不同生育期的土壤微生物数量、微生物活度和酶活性的影响研究。结果表明:在烟草生育期内,好气性细菌数量呈现前期急速下降,中期缓慢上升,后期稍微波动的趋势,深埋处理都略高于覆盖处理;真菌数量整体呈现上升趋势,紫云英覆盖前期可显著增加真菌数量,深埋对真菌数量影响不大;放线菌数量紫云英还田处理呈现前期下降,中期急速上升,后期缓慢上升的趋势。土壤微生物活度则先下降再持续上升,至烟草成熟期,紫云英覆盖>紫云英深埋>不还田。土壤纤维素酶活性以旺长期为分界点,表现为前期增加、后期下降的特点,紫云英还田高于不还田;土壤脲酶活性呈现先迅速下降,再缓慢上升,再急速上升的趋势,以紫云英深埋处理的脲酶活性最高;土壤蛋白酶和过氧化氢酶的活性在烟草生育期的变化不大,都表现为早期稍微下降,以后趋于平缓,以紫云英深埋的酶活性较高。土壤生物学综合评价表明,采用全层翻耕紫云英深埋(1500kg/667m2)更利于提高土壤质量。In order to determine the models of incorporating Astragalus sinicus into soil,the studies were conducted on the effect of different incorporating models of Astragalus sinicus on soil microbial quantity,microbial activity and enzyme activity during different growing periods of tobacco. The experiments were carried out by three full-thickness tillage models,with 1500kg/667m^（2）Astragalus sinicus straw on soil surface,with 1500kg/667m^（2）Astragalus sinicus straw deep in soil and without applied Astragalus sinicus straw in soil（control）.The results showed that the number of aerobic bacteria decreased rapidly at the early tobacco growth stage,and slowly increased at the middle growth stage and then slightly fluctuated.The quantity of aerobic bacteria in soil with 1500kg/667m^（2）Astragalus sinicus deep in soil was more than that covered on surface.The amount of fungi decreased during the whole tobacco growth period.The amount of fungi in soil covered with 1500kg/667m^（2）Astragalus sinicus on surface increased during early tobacco growth period.The quantity of fungi in soil with 1500kg/667m^（2）Astragalus sinicus deep in soil did not change that much.The quantity of actinomycetes decreased at the early tobacco growth stage,followed by a sharply increase at the middle tobacco stage,and finally gradually increased at the late tobacco stage.The quantity of actinomycetes in soil covered with 1500kg/667m^（2）Astragalus sinicus on surface was more than the treatment with Astragalus sinicus deep in soil,and more than control.Microbial activity decreased at early tobacco stage,and continually increased at the later stages.Until the later tobacco stage,the microbial activity in soil covered with 1500kg/667m^（2）Astragalus sinicus on surface was more than that deep in soil,and more than control.Cellulase activity increased before vigorous growing stage and decreased after that.Cellulase activity in soil with Astragalus sinicus was more than that without Astragalus sinicus.Urease activity dropped shar

关 键 词：紫云英 还田方式 土壤微生物 微生物活度 土壤酶 

分 类 号：S154[农业科学—土壤学]