广东省城乡青少年压力应对方式分析  

Stress Coping Style of Urban and Rural Adolescents in Guangdong

作　　者：岳颂华[1] 张卫[2] 黄红清[3] 朱祖德[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京工程学院人文与社会科学系,江苏211167 [2]华南师范大学心理系暨心理应用研究中心 [3]广东外语外贸大学心理咨询中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2010年第2期172-175,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：全国哲学社会科学"十五"规划项目(编号:02BSH032);广东省哲学社会科学"十五"规划项目(编号:02I7);南京工程学院科研项目(编号:科07-58)

摘　　要：目的探讨广东省青少年压力应对方式的特点及其城乡差异,为有针对性地培养青少年压力应对能力提供科学依据。方法采用"青少年压力应对方式问卷",对广东省789名农村中学生和776名城市中学生进行问卷调查。结果青少年压力应对以积极取向为主,城乡青少年最常使用的策略均为认知重建、保持平静、问题解决与行动;在区域主效应上,寻求社会支持(F=7.91,P<0.01)、幽默(F=22.14,P<0.01)、自责(F=11.65,P<0.01)、回避/麻木(F=8.38,P<0.01)、自我放松(F=24.47,P<0.01)、认知重建(F=6.55,P<0.05)、生理唤起(F=7.12,P<0.01)的城、乡差异均有统计学意义。结论广东青少年的压力应对方式存在显著的城乡差异,城市青少年积极应对策略得分高于农村青少年,消极应对策略低于农村青少年。Objective To explore characters and rural-urban difference of Guangdong adolescents＇stress coping style, and to provide scientific basis for fostering adolescents＇stress coping ability targetedly. Methods By using adolescent stress coping style scale, 776 urban middle school students and 789 rural middle school students were investigated. Results Positive orients was the primary stress coping style of adolescents, cognitive restructuring, keeping calmness and problem solving were the most common strategies used by both urban and rural adolescents. There were significant differences between urban and rural in seeking social support （ F = 7.91, P 〈 0.01 ） , humor （ F = 22.14, P 〈 0.01 ） , self-blame （ F = 11.65, P 〈 0.01 ） , avoidance/numbness （ F = 8.38, P 〈 0.01 ） , self-relaxing （ F = 24.47, P 〈 0.01 ） , cognitive restructuring （ F = 6.55, P 〈 0. 05 ） and physiologic arousal （ F = 7.12, P 〈 0.01 } in area. Conclusion Significant rural-urban differences exist in Guangdong adolescents＇stress coping style. Urban adolescents positive-coping score is higher than rural ones, and their negative-coping score is lower than rural ones.

关 键 词：压力 适应 心理学 对比研究 精神卫生 青少年 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学] R181.2[医药卫生—医学心理学]