礼物交换:“崇高主题”还是“支配策略”?  

Gift Exchange:A "noble theme" or a "dominant strategy"?

作　　者：刘拥华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学社会学系

出　　处：《社会学研究》2010年第1期157-176,共20页Sociological Studies

基　　金：2009年上海市哲学社会科学规划课题"政治社会中的德性与自由:涂尔干再研究"(2009ESH001)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：上个世纪80年代,在法国学术界,围绕莫斯和布迪厄之间礼物研究的分歧展开了一场声势浩大的争论。本文试图对这一"学术公案"予以分析。礼物交换所彰显出的社会原则是莫斯和布迪厄社会理论思考的出发点。在莫斯那里,礼物主要体现出一种社会团结的意向;而在布迪厄那里,则直接指向了有关支配方式的思考,换言之,基于时间间隔,行为的"策略"和象征性支配成为可能。我们将这两种礼物研究范式分别称为"社会范式"和"权力范式"。In the 1980s,there was an intense debate on the study of gift between Mauss and Bourdieu in France. This paper focuses on the analysis of this 'academic koan'. The social principles that gift exchange represents are the basic points of both Mauss's and Bourdieu's social theories. For Mauss,the gift mainly reflects an intention to social solidarity;while for Bourdieu,it directly provokes thinking about the way of domination,which is to say that because of time intervals,'strategic' and symbolic domination becomes possible. These two research paradigms of gift are referred to in this paper as 'social paradigm' and 'power paradigm'.

关 键 词：社会 支配 习性荣誉 神圣性 区隔 

分 类 号：C912.3[经济管理]