基于分形理论的沙漠化土地空间结构——以内蒙古多伦县为例  

Spatial structure of desertified land based on fractal theory:Taking Duolun County,Inner Mongolia as an example

作　　者：阿如旱[1] 杨持[2] 同丽嘎[3] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学生态环境学院,呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古大学生命科学学院,呼和浩特010020 [3]内蒙古科技大学包头师范学院资源与环境学院,包头014030

出　　处：《地理研究》2010年第2期283-290,共8页Geographical Research

基　　金：国家重点基础发展规划项目(G2000048705);内蒙古自然科学基金(20080404MS0603)

摘　　要：借助RS和GIS技术提取内蒙古多伦县不同时期和不同程度沙漠化土地的空间分布信息,运用分形理论的原理与方法,通过计算斑块周长—面积关系、分维数和稳定性等指数,揭示了不同沙漠化土地类型相互转化的内在机制。结果表明:内蒙古多伦县各时段的土地沙漠化类型具有分形结构,不同沙漠化土地的平均分维数在1.3988～1.5635之间,接近于随机运动值,有潜在的流动趋势。在轻度沙漠化土地、中度沙漠化土地、重度沙漠化土地和严重沙漠化土地等4种类型中,轻度沙漠化土地的分维数在所分析类型中总体上呈波浪式增加,说明其空间结构越来越复杂,稳定性趋于减弱,而重度沙漠化土地空间结构从1987年以来稳定性逐渐变好,且稳定性相对较高。通过对区域沙漠化土地空间结构分析,可以为政府治理沙漠化土地提供支持。Spatial information was obtained for different periods and different types of desertified land Duolun County,Inner Mongolia.In this paper,the intrinsic mechanism of mutual conversion of different types of desertified land is revealed by computing relationship between perimeter and area of patches,fractal dimensions and stability indexes etc.on the basis of principles and methods of fractal theory.The results show that the types of desertified land in different periods in Duolun County,Inner Mongolia,have fractal structure,with the average values being 1.3988~1.5635,which are close to random value,thus desertified land are prone to a flowing trend.The desertified land is identified into four types,i.e.,weak,median,serious and more seriously desertified land,among them,fractal structure of weak desertification has increased in the form of fluctuation,suggesting that spatial structure of weak desertification has become more and more complex and that the stability has decreased;while the stability of spatial structure of seriously desertified land has increased since 1987,and the stability is relatively high.Analysis of spatial structure of desertification land in this paper can provide the basic theory for the governments to control desertification.

关 键 词：分形 沙漠化土地 空间结构 内蒙古多伦县 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]