克氏原螯虾自相残食特性及人工繁育中的关键技术研究  

Study on Characteristics of Cannibalism and Key Technology in Artificial Reproduction of Procambrarus clarkii

作　　者：张家宏 王守红[2] 寇祥明 金银根[3] 毕建花 包志峰[3] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省生态农业工程技术研究中心,江苏扬州225007 [2]江苏里下河地区农业科学研究所,江苏扬州225007 [3]扬州大学生物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2010年第2期109-112,共4页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江苏省自主创新资金项目(2007-2009);江苏省"六大人才高峰"项目(2008);江苏省农业"三项工程"项目(JS2009-9);江苏省农业标准化示范区项目(2008);扬州市科技项目(2007-2009)

摘　　要：研究了不同体长、密度、雌雄配比条件下克氏原螯虾自相残食的情况。结果表明：克氏原螯虾自相残食特性与体长、群体密度、性别配比等因素之间存在明显相关性。虾苗饲养密度提高，自相残食率相应提高。在相同密度条件下，体长越大的虾苗其自相残食率越高。体长1．0～1．5、2．0～2．5、3．0～3．5cm的虾苗，培育密度分别为667万、400万和267万只／hm^2时，其自相残食率均在7％左右，人工培育虾苗时可以此为参照；在不同规格虾苗混养情况下，个体间体长相差越大，体长小的个体被残食的概率越高。人工培育虾苗时，应根据虾苗大小分群培育；成虾饲养密度小于16只／m^2时，其自相残食率低于5％。人工养殖成虾时，养殖密度以157万只／hm^2为宜。在雌雄比为（2～3）：1时，克氏原螯虾自相残食率为5％左右。在克氏原螯虾人工繁育配种时，适宜雌雄比应为（2—3）：1。The effects of body length, population density and gender ratio on the characteristics of cannibalism of Procambrarus clarkii have been studied in this paper. The results showed that there were significant correlations between the characteristics of cannibalism and body length, population density and gender ratio. The higher the population density＇ was, the higher the frequency of canni- balism. The longer the body length was, the higher the frequency of cannibalism was under the same population density. The cannibalism rate was about 7% when the body length was 1.0 - 1.5 cm or 2.0 - 2.5 cm or 3.0 - 3.5 em and raising density was 667/m^2 or 400/m^2 or 267/m^2. When all red crayfishes with different body length were raised, the greater the difference in body length was, the higher the cannibalism rate was, so red crayfishes with different body length should be divided into several groups when they were cul- tured. When the density of adult red crayfish was less than 16/m^2, its cannibalism rate was less than 5%, so the proper density of adult red crayfish was 15/m^2 when they were raised. The cannibalism rate was about 5% when the gender ratio was （2 -3 ）： 1, therefore the suitable gender ratio was＇（2 -3）： 1 when Procambrarus clarkii was artificially reproduced.

关 键 词：克氏原螯虾 自相残食特性 人工繁育 

分 类 号：S966.12[农业科学—水产养殖]