部分农村地区双侧重度聋患儿干预状况调查  

A Study of the Intervention of Children with Bilateral Severe Hearing Loss in Countryside of China

作　　者：程晓华[1] 黄丽辉[1] 蔡正华[1] 张华[1] 彭士春[1] 恩晖[1] 亓贝尔[1] 甄勇[1] 杨如兰 涂琳[3] 黄燕[3] 程显香[4] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京同仁医院北京市耳鼻咽喉科研究所耳鼻咽喉头颈外科学教育部重点实验室(首都医科大学),北京100005 [2]河南省安阳市妇幼保健院儿保科 [3]江西省九江市妇幼保健院儿保科 [4]山东省莱州市人民医院耳鼻咽喉科

出　　处：《听力学及言语疾病杂志》2010年第2期173-175,共3页Journal of Audiology and Speech Pathology

基　　金：国家"十五"科技攻关项目(2004BA720A18-02);国家"十一五"科技支撑计划(2007BAI18B12)资助

摘　　要：目的了解部分农村地区双侧重度聋患儿的听力干预、语训及言语发育状况。方法研究对象为2004年6月～2008年7月在河南省安阳市妇幼保健院、江西省九江市妇幼保健院及山东省莱州市人民医院诊断为双侧重度聋的61例患儿（年龄2～72个月，中位数为14个月）。设计调查问卷表．通过电话随访，对患儿是否选配助听器或行人工耳蜗植入术及听力言语训练、言语发育和交流能力等情况进行调查。结果61例患儿中选配助听器者33例54．10％，33／61）．其中助听后语训者10例（30．30％，10／33），助听后无语训者23例（69．70％，23／33）；人工耳蜗植入者2例（3．28％，2／61）；未选配助听器、未行人工耳蜗植入者26例（42．62％，26／61）。2例人工耳蜗植入者言语发育良好，33例配戴助听器的患儿中2例言语发育较好，31例存在不同程度的言语障碍。26例末行助听器配戴及人工耳蜗植入者均为聋哑状态。结论在农村地区，重度聋患儿未接受听力干预和语训者比例高，言语障碍明显，加强对聋儿家长进行佩戴助听器和言语训练必要性的宣传和教育至天重要。Objective To investigate the effects of the intervention, rehabilitation and speech development of children with severe hearing loss in some rural areas. Methods 61 children, including 35 males and 26 females, were diagnosed as severe hearing loss with ABR and 40 Hz-AERP from June 2004 to July 2008. All the children failed hearing screening or visited the hospital as outpatients. The ages ranged from2 to 72 months with the average ageof 17.59 months. During telephone follow up, the questionnaire was used to gather /he data regarding the usage of hearing aids, hearing and speech rehabilitation, speech development, and communication abilities. Results 33 （54. 10%） children were fiued with hearing aids, and 2 （3.28%） received cochlear implants, while 26（42.62%） neither had hearing aids nor cochlear implants. 10 cases with hearing aids also had speech training, whereas 23 children with hearing aids did not receive the training. 2 cases with cochlear implants and 2 cases with hearing aids were found to have good speech development and communication ability, while 31 cases with hearing aids had delayed speech development. 26 cases without any devices had to rely on sign language for their commumication. Conclusion Children in rural area with severe hearing loss experience greater speech and communication difficulties because many of them have no access to intervention and speech training. The results suggest that it would he very important to increase public awareness and educate parents to have their children wear hearing aids and receive speech training.

关 键 词：重度聋 儿童 农村 干预 调查 

分 类 号：R764.44[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]