我国7城市中小学生早餐行为的调查  

SURVEY OF BREAKFAST BEHAVIORS AMONG PRIMARY AND SECONDARY STUDENTS IN SEVEN CITIES OF CHINA

作　　者：胡小琪[1] 范轶欧[1,2,3] 郝利楠[1] 范健文[4] 潘淑贤[4] 马冠生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所,北京100050 [2]山东大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生教研室,山东250012 [3]山东省疾病预防控制中心,山东250014 [4]广州市荔湾区疾病预防控制中心,广州510176

出　　处：《营养学报》2010年第1期39-42,46,共5页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

摘　　要：目的分析我国城市中小学生早餐行为及早餐营养状况,为制定干预措施提供科学依据。方法采用三阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法,从北京等7个城市选取9194名中小学生作为研究对象,使用问卷调查收集他们早餐行为信息并进行评价。结果小学生、初中生和高中生每天吃早餐的比例分别为97.0%、92.4%和93.4%;小学生、初中生和高中生吃早餐的时间多在起床30min以内,比例分别为75.4%、74.7%和68.6%;早餐主要由母亲准备,小学生、初中生和高中生的比例分别为53.1%、49.9%和49.7%;小学生、初中生和高中生主要在家里食用早餐,比例分别为71.8%、67.0%和63.8%;中小学生早餐营养质量差的比例分别为84.7%、80.5%和81.8%。结论城市中小学生早餐行为存在一些不合理方面,早餐营养质量较差,应改善其早餐食物结构,提供营养素均衡的早餐,促进学生的健康。Objective To investigate the breakfast behaviors and nutritional quality among primary and secondary students, and to provide scientific evidence for developing intervention strategies. Method Random three-stage clustering sampling method was employed in the study. A questionnaire survey was conducted among 9194 primary and secondary students aged 6-17y, from seven cities in China. Results The rates of primary and secondary students having breakfast everyday were 97.0%, 92.4%, and 93.4%, Most of the students had their breakfast within 30 min after getting up, the rates being 75.4%, 74.7%, and 68.6% respectively. Mothers primarily cook breakfast for the students, the rates being 53.1%, 49.9%, and 49.7% respectively. In most cases, they had breakfast at home, the rates being 71.8%, 67.0%, and 63.8% respectively. The rates of students having poor quality breakfast were above 80%. Conclusion Primary and secondary students are one of the focal target people for preventing unhealthy dietary behaviors due to shortcomings of eating breakfast. It is necessary to improve the nutritional quality of breakfast for better health of students.

关 键 词：早餐行为 早餐营养 中小学生 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]