三聚氰胺在土壤中的残留及其对大白菜生长的影响  

Effect of the Melamine Residue in Soil on Growth of Chinese Cabbage

作　　者：韩冬芳[1,2] 王德汉[2] 黄培钊 段继贤 葛仁山 刘明江 

机构地区：[1]深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司,深圳518105 [2]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广州510642

出　　处：《环境科学》2010年第3期787-792,共6页Environmental Science

摘　　要：以‘早熟5号’大白菜(Beassica pekinensis L.)为试材,采用土施和叶面喷施三聚氰胺方式,观察并测定相关指标.结果表明,三聚氰胺在土壤中可发生缓慢降解,90 d后不同浓度处理(40、160和800 mg.kg-1)的土壤中三聚氰胺均有残留,分别残留21.1%、15.8%和43.6%.三聚氰胺处理浓度越高,大白菜吸收的量越大.土施试验,根中最高和最低含量分别为105.7和8.0 mg.kg-1,茎叶中为139.9和7.1 mg.kg-1,根吸收三聚氰胺后,可将其转运到地上部的茎叶中;叶面喷施试验,根中最高和最低含量分别为4.3和0.9 mg.kg-1,茎叶中为8.5和3.2 mg.kg-1.土施40 mg.kg-1三聚氰胺可增产9.8%,土施800mg.kg-1三聚氰胺减产15.9%,土施可增加叶绿素和可溶性糖含量,降低维生素C含量,叶面喷施三聚氰胺对大白菜的生长影响较小.三聚氰胺在土壤中的残留时间长,大白菜可通过根和茎叶吸收三聚氰胺,三聚氰胺可影响大白菜的生长状况.Soil and foliar application of melamine（ME） treatments to ‘Zaoshu 5＇ Chinese cabbage were investigated.The ME was degraded very slowly in soil treated with different dosages（40,160 and 800 mg·kg^-1）,and 90 days later the residuals of ME were 21.1%,15.8% and 43.6% respectively.The Chinese cabbage could take in exogenously applied ME through its root and stem leaf and accumulate it to considerable levels with the increasing applied density.In soil application test,the maximum and minimum contents of ME were 105.7 and 8.0 mg·kg^-1 in root,and 139.9 and 7.1 mg·kg^-1 in stem leaf;the ME transport occurred from root to stem leaf.In foliar application test,the maximum and minimum contents of ME were 4.3 and 0.9 mg·kg^-1 in root,and 8.5 and 3.2 mg·kg^-1 in stem leaf.In soil application test,the low level of ME（40 mg·kg^-1） increased the biomass yield by 9.8% and the high level of ME（800 mg·kg^-1） decreased the biomass yield by 15.9%;the contents of chlorophyll and soluble sugar increased,but the content of Vitamin C decreased.Foliar application ME had no obvious significance on the growth of Chinese cabbage.The studies indicate that the residual time of ME in soil is long and the Chinese cabbage can absorb exogenously applied ME and ME can affect the growth of Chinese cabbage.

关 键 词：三聚氰胺 土壤 残留 大白菜(Beassica pekinensis L.) 生长 

分 类 号：X131.3[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X173