流动儿童免疫规划相关疾病抗体水平监测  

Surveillance on Immune Antibody Levels Against Correlated Diseases Among Floating Children of Brick Kiln Factories in Nantong in 2008

作　　者：张志兰[1] 徐红[2] 庄勋[2] 陆培善[3] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省南通市疾病预防控制中心,江苏南通226006 [2]南通大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室 [3]江苏省疾病预防控制中心微生物实验室

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2010年第3期483-486,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的评价南通市砖窑厂流动儿童免疫抗体水平情况,为做好砖窑厂流动儿童的免疫预防工作提供依据。方法采用分层整群抽样调查法,对南通市7个县(市、区)砖窑厂流动儿童抗体水平进行检测并做统计学分析。结果本次调查结果显示,乙肝阳性率为61.90%;脊髓灰质炎Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ型阳性率和抗体平均滴度(GMT)分别为92.82%、95.03%、86.74%和1∶202.23、1:233.79、1:76.70;白喉抗体阳性率和抗体几何滴度(GMT)分别为75.48%、1:60.23;破伤风抗体阳性率和GMT分别为79.67%、1:58.96;麻疹抗体阳性率和GMT分别为72.05%、1:32.00;流脑A群抗体阳性率和GMT分别为52.97%、1:16.00;乙脑抗体阳性率和GMT分别为84.64%、1:11.88。结论本次调查显示,砖窑厂流动儿童抗体阳性率不平衡,脊髓灰质炎Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ期和乙脑抗体阳性率较高,基本达到卫生部颁布的预防接种工作规范要求的标准;而乙肝、白喉、破伤风、麻疹、流脑A群抗体阳性率较低,显示其免疫屏障不牢固,应加强对流动儿童的免疫接种工作。Objective To evaluate the vaccination efficacy and immunity among the floating children of brick kiln factories in Nantong City,and to provide the evidence for the floating children＇s immunization and prevention programme in Nantong City. Methods Using stratified cluster random sampling method,serum samples were collected from floating children of brick kiln factories in 7 counties of Nantong City to detect immune antibody levels,and the results were statistically analyzed. Results The results showed that the positive rate of hepatitis B was 61.90%. The positive rates of poliomyelitisⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,diphtheria,tetanus,measles,epidemic encephalitis serogroup A antibody,encephalitis B vaccines were 92.82%,95.03%,86.74%,75.48%,79.67%,72.05%,52.97% and 84.64% respectively,and the GMTs were 1：202.23,1：233.79,1：76.70,1：60.23,1：58.96,1：32.00,1：16.00 and 1：11.88 respectively. Conclusions The results of this survey suggest that the antibody levels are uneven among the floating children of brick kiln factories,the positive rates of poliomyelitisⅠ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and encephalitis B vaccines are higher and basically attain the criteria of vaccination standard promulgated by the Ministry of Health. But the positive rates of hepatitis B,diphtheria,tetanus,measles,and epidemic encephalitis serogroup A antibody are lower which indicate that the immune barriers are not solid,therefore,standardized management of vaccination should be further strengthened among the floating children.

关 键 词：流动儿童 计划免疫 抗体水平 砖窑厂 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]