巴东醉鱼草提取物对几种害虫的生物活性研究  

Insecticidal activities of extracts from Buddleja albiflora Hemsl.against four kinds of pests

作　　者：张秀云[1] 李治伟[1] 冯俊涛[1] 陆德玲[1] 张兴[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学无公害农药研究服务中心/陕西省生物农药工程技术中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2010年第2期192-198,共7页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助项目(200903052)

摘　　要：研究巴东醉鱼草(Buddleja albiflora Hemsl.)95%乙醇提取物的不同极性溶剂萃取物对3种鳞翅目害虫和朱砂叶螨(Tetranychus cinnabarinus B.)的生物活性.结果表明:巴东醉鱼草95%乙醇提取物的石油醚和乙酸乙酯萃取物对试虫有较高的生物活性,其中乙酸乙酯萃取物在24 h对3龄小菜蛾(Plutella xylostellaL.)幼虫的拒食率达到94.22%,48 h时对4龄菜青虫(Pieris rapaeL.)幼虫的拒食率达到83.94%,对3龄粘虫(Mythi mna separataW.)幼虫的24 h拒食中浓度(AFC50)为2.4185mg·mL-1,对朱砂叶螨(T.cinnabarinus)4 h致死中浓度(LC50)为0.2108 mg·mL-1;石油醚萃取物72h对3龄小菜蛾(P.xylostella)幼虫的拒食率为64.11%,48 h对4龄菜青虫(P.rapae)幼虫的拒食率为75.18%,对3龄粘虫(M.separata)幼虫48 h的AFC50值最高(1.1392 mg·mL-1),对朱砂叶螨(T.cinnabarinus)4 h LC50为0.3606 mg·mL-1;巴东醉鱼草95%乙醇提取物的不同极性溶剂萃取物还抑制试虫的生长发育,导致试虫化蛹和羽化不正常,其中石油醚萃取物和乙酸乙酯萃取物的作用尤为突出.The insecticidal activities of the extraction fractions, which were obtained by soaking the powder of Buddleja albiflora H. with 95 % ethanol and then treated with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate and butanol, against three kinds of pests of Lepidoptera and Tetranychus cinnabarinus B. were tested. The results showed that the petroleum and ethyl acetate extracts possessed considerable activities to all testing pests. The antifeedant rates of ethyl acetate extracts against 3rd instar larvae of Plutella xylostella L. during 24 h and 4^th instar larvae of Pieris rapae L. during 48 h were 94.22% and 83.94%, respectively. The median antifeedant concentration （AFC50） was 2. 4185 mg·mL^-1 against Mythimna separata W. during 24 h and the median-lethal concentration （LC50） was 0. 2108 mg·mL^-1 against T. cinnabarinus. The antifeedant rates of petroleum ether extracts against 3rd instar larvae of P. xylostella during 72 h and 4^th instar larvae of P. rapae during 48 h were 64. 11% and 75. 18%, respectively. The AFC50 was 1. 1392 mg·mL^-1 against M. separata during 48 h and the LC50 was 0. 3606 mg·mL^-1 against T. cinnabarinus during 4 h. The bioassay results also showed the extraction fractions of B. albiflora, especially the petroleum ether extracts and ethyl acetate one, cound inhibit the growth and development of insects, leading to abnormal pupation and eclosion finally.

关 键 词：巴东醉鱼草 粘虫 小菜蛾 菜青虫 朱砂叶螨 杀虫活性 

分 类 号：S482.39[农业科学—农药学]