成都市6～16岁儿童少年抑郁障碍的流行病学调查  

Epidemiological investigation on depression among 6～16 years old children and adolescents in Chengdu

作　　者：张郭莺[1,2,3] 杨彦春[1] 黄颐[1] 刘书君[1] 孙学礼[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西医院心理卫生中心,成都610041 [2]四川大学华西医学中心 [3]成都市第四人民医院

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2010年第3期211-214,共4页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：中华医学基金会(CMB)"提高中国精神卫生研究质量并赞助开展多个高质量小型研究项目"基金(Small Grants Program #02-777)

摘　　要：目的:探讨成都市儿童少年抑郁障碍的患病率和共病情况。方法:采用量表填写和访谈同时进行的横断面研究方法。从成都市中小学校中随机抽取了5194名中小学生,应用长处和困难问卷及精神发育和健康状况评定量表对其进行调查。结果:儿童少年抑郁的总体患病率为1.2%。12岁以后女性的抑郁障碍患病率高于男性(2.56%vs.1.42%,P=0.040)。6～8岁、9～11岁、12～14岁和15岁以上年龄组的患病率分别为0.10%、0.51%、1.56%和2.59%。40%的患者至少合并1种其他精神疾病。儿童少年抑郁与焦虑障碍和各种行为障碍共病率分别为29.1%和25.5%。结论:儿童少年抑郁障碍的患病率存在性别和年龄差异。且随着年龄的增加,患病率有上升的趋势。共病在儿童少年抑郁患者中较常见。Objective： To explore the prevalence and co-morbidity in depression disorder among children and adolescents in Chengdu City. Methods： Using a one-phase design, 4585 children and adolescents in grades 1 - 10 were assessed with the Strength and Difficulty questionnaire （ SDQ ） and Development and Well-Being Assessment （ DAWBA ） . A structured interview with verbatim reports was reviewed by clinicians so that information from par- ents, teachers, and children were combined in a manner that emulated the clinical process. Results： （ 1 ） The rate of depressive disorder was 1.2%, and that in girls was much higher than that in boys after 12 years old （ 2. 56% vs. 1.42% ） . （2） The rate of depressive disorder increased with age from 0. 10% （6 -8 years） to 2.59% （ 〉~ 15 years ） . （ 3 ） The co-morbidity was 40%. The most common comorbidity diagnosis was anxiety disorders （29. 1% ） and behavior disorders （25.5%） . Conclusion： The prevalence of depressive disorder among children and adolescents in Chengdu is 1.2%. Gender and age may be the related factors. The co-morbidity is common in children and adolescents with depression disorder.

关 键 词：抑郁障碍 儿童少年 流行病学 横断面研究 

分 类 号：R749.4[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R181.32[医药卫生—临床医学]