水体中硝基苯厌氧降解微生物的筛选及其降解特性研究  

Screening and Biodegradation of Anaerobic Microorganisms for Nitrobenzene in Water

作　　者：卢桂兰[1] 郭观林[1] 王世杰[1,2] 谷庆宝[1] 李发生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院土壤污染与控制研究室,北京100012 [2]北京科技大学土木与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2010年第3期556-562,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：全国土壤调查修复专项(NC5120801);科技部国际合作专项(2008DFR90550);院公益项目(GYK5120803)

摘　　要：以硝基苯为碳源,采用间歇式曝气方式,经90d驯化培养,从处理硝基苯废水的生物活性污泥中分离得到13株高效降解菌,在厌氧环境条件分离纯化,筛选得到降解能力最强的MY4菌,并研究了其对不同浓度硝基苯的降解特性。结果表明,经16SrRNA鉴定,MY4菌属于兼性葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus sp),其在104～107CFU·mL-1范围内对硝基苯的去除率没有显著差异,降解率均为65%,硝基苯的降解速率在3～5d期间达到最大。高浓度的硝基苯对微生物的降解过程存在抑制作用,随着浓度的增高,其降解半衰期明显延长。GC-MS分析表明,硝基苯经MY4菌株降解后的主要产物为苯胺。13 high efficiency bacterium strains were obtained from the activated sludge in waste water contaminated with nitrobenzene after 90 days intermittent aeration. MY4 was screened out in anaerobic condition, which was identified to be the most efficient bacteria strain. Further experiments were conducted on the biodegradation characteristics of MY4 strain. Results indicated that MY4 was Staphylococcus sp based on the 16S rRNA analysis. No obvious distinctions were observed in the biodegradation of nitrobenzene when MY4 strain concentration ranging from 104 to 107 CFU·mL^-1. The degradation process was composed of three phases, among which the most rapid one was appeared in first 3 to 5 days. The high concentration of nitrobenzene could posed the negative effect on biodegradation, and the half life（t1/2·d^-1）of nitrobenzene was prolonged with its concentration increased. The prominent product in biodegradation of nitrobenzene was determined to be aniline according to the results of GC-MS analysis.

关 键 词：硝基苯 污水 厌氧微生物 生物降解 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]