杂交水稻稻米外观品质性状间相关性及遗传分析  

Genetic and Correlation Analysis of Grain Appearance Quality in Hybrid Rice

作　　者：雷东阳[1,2] 谢放鸣[2] 陈立云[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学水稻科学研究所,湖南长沙410128 [2]国际水稻研究所

出　　处：《农业现代化研究》2010年第2期212-215,共4页Research of Agricultural Modernization

基　　金：国家公派留学基金项目(编号:20073021);湖南省教育厅项目(编号:09C500);国家"863"计划项目(编号:2006AA100101)

摘　　要：用IR75589-31S、IR60、IR70和90个籼粳成分不同的株系进行不完全双列杂交,以获得的270个杂交组合为材料,对杂交稻米外观品质遗传及性状间的相关进行了研究。结果表明:垩白度、粒长、粒宽及粒长宽比间的相关系数均达极显著水平,粒长、粒长宽比与垩白度呈显著负相关,粒宽与垩白度显著正相关;粒长、粒宽和粒长宽比对垩白度的直接通径系数分别为-1.9409、2.1738和2.7805。杂交稻外观品质性状主要受遗传控制且遗传效应均以加性效应为主。粒长、粒宽和粒长宽比以种子加性效应为主,母体效应也起到一定的作用,垩白度主要受到种子效应和母体效应控制,同时还受到细胞质的影响。粒长、粒宽和粒长宽比三性状的狭义遗传率都在80%以上,其中以粒宽为最高,达89.90%,垩白度的遗传率相对较低,为72.94%。In this paper, the genetic and correlation of rice grain appearance quality traits of grain length（GL）, grain width （GW）, grain length/width ratio（LWR）and chalkiness degree（CD）was studied. Three female including IR75589-31S, 1R60, IR70 and ninety recombinant inbred lines or advanced backcrossing introgression lines with different indica-japonica degrees were used to make incomplete diallel crosses. Correlation analyses revealed different relationship among the four characters. CD was significantly and negatively correlated with GL （R = -0.5628^＊＊） and LWR （R= -0.7498^＊＊）, but positively correlated with GW（R = 0.7539^＊＊）. Path analysis showed that magnitudes of direction from GL, GW and LWR to CD were -1.9409, 2.1738 and 2.7805, respectively. The results also indicated that all appearance quality traits were mainly influenced by directively additive variance（VA） and maternally additive variance（（VAm）. GL, GW and LWR were controlled mainly by directive effects and less by maternally additive effects. On the other hand, CD was mainly controlled by direct additive and maternal additive effects. GL, GW and LWR had very high narrow sense heritability values （86.03%, 89.90% and 83.78%, respectively） while CD had relatively lower narrow sense heritability （72.94%）. The results indicated that the appearance quality traits were mainly influenced by VA and VAm.

关 键 词：杂交稻 外观品质性状 遗传 垩白度 粒长 粒宽 

分 类 号：S331[农业科学—作物遗传育种]