利用核心种质发掘及评价花生抗黄曲霉资源  

Development and Evaluation of Peanut Germplasm with Resistance to Aspergillus flavus from Core Collection

作　　者：姜慧芳[1] 任小平[1] 王圣玉[1] 张晓杰[1] 黄家权[1] 廖伯寿[1] Corley C HOLBROOKA Hari D UPADHYAYA 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所/农业部油料作物生物学重点开放实验室 [2]USDA-ARS, P O Box 748, Tifton, Georgia31793, USA [3]International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, AP 502 324, India

出　　处：《作物学报》2010年第3期428-434,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD13B05-2);国家自然科学基金项目(30571132);国家科技基础条件平台项目(2005DKA21002-13);农作物种质资源保护项目(NB07-2130135-35)资助

摘　　要：黄曲霉菌极大地限制全世界的花生生产和产业发展,且生产上抗性品种较少,我国花生育种和生产中的抗性资源缺乏,迫切需要发掘抗黄曲霉种质。本研究以中国花生核心种质561份和ICRISAT微核心种质155份为材料,鉴定了黄曲霉侵染和产毒抗性,发掘出抗黄曲霉侵染和产毒种质各8份,包括具优良农艺性状的抗黄曲霉产毒种质51002-6。鉴定结果表明,ICRISAT花生微核心种质中抗黄曲霉侵染和产毒种质的频率高于中国花生核心种质;普通型花生资源中抗黄曲霉侵染种质的频率较高,龙生型资源中抗黄曲霉产毒种质的频率较高。根据SSR分析,鉴定出与生产上推广应用的优良品种中花5号、中花6号、中花12和远杂9102遗传距离较远的抗黄曲霉产毒种质ICG12625和抗侵染种质ICG4750,拓宽了我国花生品种改良的遗传基础。根据抗病基因产物的NBS类型保守域设计简并引物对抗黄曲霉种质的DNA进行PCR扩增、克隆、测序和分析,获得了1条RGA片段。Peanut （Arachis hypogaea L.）, one of the main oil and cash crops in the world, is easily susceptible to Aspergillus flavus, resulting huge loss in its quality, so Aspergillus flavus infection greatly limits peanut production and industry in China. Therefore, it is imperative to develop new peanut germplasm with resistance to Aspergillus flavus in breeding program. The core collection is well accepted as a useful way to improve the efficiency of crop germplasm evaluation and utilization, which contains a subset of accessions from the entire collection that covers the most of available genetic information. In the present study, a total of 561 accessions of Chinese peanut core collection and 155 accessions of ICRISAT mini core collection were identified. Eight varieties with resistance to Aspergillus flavus invasion and aflatoxin production each were developed, including one （51002-6） with elite agronomic traits. The peanut germplasm with resistance to Aspergillus flavus invasion and aflatoxin production in ICRISAT mini core were more than those in Chinese peanut core collection. In addition, the percentages of accessions with resistance to Aspergillus flavus invasion in var. hypogaea, and accessions resistant to aflatoxin production in var. hirsuta were relatively high in comparison with others. Genetic diversity in the resistant peanut selections was evaluated based on morphological traits and SSR approach. ICG12625 with resistance to aflatoxin production and ICG4750 with resistance to aflatoxin invasion were evaluated by SSR, the genetic distance of them with high-yielding cultivars such as Zhonghua 5, Zhonghua 6, Zhonghua 12, and Yuanza 9102 was larger. The primers were designed based on the conserved NBS-LRR domains of the disease resistance genes sequence, one RGA （resistance gene analog） from genomic DNA of six different peanuts with resistance to Aspergillus flavus was obtained through PCR.

关 键 词：花生核心种质 抗黄曲霉资源 农艺性状 SSR遗传多样性 RGA 

分 类 号：S565.2[农业科学—作物学]