GIS支持下安徽省近35a参考作物蒸散量的时空变化  

Temporal-spatial variations of reference crop evapotranspiration in Anhui Province in recent 35 years supported by GIS

作　　者：吴文玉[1,2] 马晓群[1,2] 陈晓艺[1,2] 杨太明[1,2] 张爱民[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省气象科学研究所,合肥230031 [2]安徽省大气科学与卫星遥感重点实验室,合肥230031

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2010年第2期251-256,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：华中区域气象中心基金项目"长江中游区域粮食安全的气候影响评估研究";安徽省气象局业务建设重点项目"安徽省精细化农业气候区划";中国气象局业务建设项目"省级现代农业气象业务服务平台";安徽省气象局科技发展基金项目"利用GIS技术对安徽省热量资源进行栅格化细分处理"

摘　　要：参考作物蒸散量是重要的水分资源分量。为了研究气候变化条件下安徽省参考作物蒸散量的变化,采用联合国粮农组织(FAO)1998年推荐的Penman-Monteith法,利用安徽省79个台站1971-2005年的气象观测资料,计算站点参考作物蒸散量。在此基础上采用克里格插值方法,生成基于GIS的安徽省参考作物蒸散量分布图。分析结果表明:安徽省近35a平均参考作物蒸散量空间分布特征为,平原大、山区小;由北向南逐渐递减,受气候、地形等因素的影响,具有较明显的地域性差异;从时间尺度上看,自1971年以来,参考作物蒸散量总体上呈随年代波动下降趋势,但存在地区差异;年内季节变化为夏季>春季>秋季>冬季;逐月变化呈单峰变化趋势,峰值出现在7月,5-8月份较多,11月至翌年2月最低,且不同区域之间存在着明显的差别。The reference crop evapotranspiration is an important component of water resources.For studying its variation under the condition of climate change in Anhui Province,based on the meteorological data observed by 79 meteorological stations of Anhui Province during the period from 1971 to 2005,the values of evapotranspiration were calculated using the Penman-Monteith method recommended by the FAO in 1998.On this basis,a map of reference crop evapotranspiration distribution in Anhui Province was charted using the Kriging interpolation method.The results show that the spatial distribution of annual reference crop evapotranspiration in Anhui Province is strongly affected by many factors,such as the climatic and topographical factors,and the difference of annual reference crop evapotranspiration between the different localities is significant.Generally,it decreases from the northeast to the southwest,which is higher in plain,and lower in mountain.Temporally,it has been in a trend of＂fluctuate-decrease＂since 1971,and it was the highest at end of 1970s.Seasonal reference crop evapotranspiration is in a sequence of summer〉spring〉autumn〉winter. Monthly reference crop evapotranspiration is the highest during the period from May to August and lowest during the period from November to next February,while the highest value appears in July,and the difference between the different localilities is also significant.

关 键 词：蒸散量 插值 GIS PENMAN-MONTEITH 公式 时空分布特征 克里格插值法 安徽省 

分 类 号：S126[农业科学—农业基础科学] S161.4