不同锻炼行为阶段锻炼效果认知的比较  

A Comparative Research on Perceived Exercise Effects during Different Stages of Exercise Behavior

作　　者：胡泯[1] 陈善平[2] 张中江[2] 张秋君[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川攀枝花学院体育部,四川攀枝花617000 [2]西安交通大学体育部,陕西西安7100491

出　　处：《首都体育学院学报》2010年第2期82-85,共4页Journal of Capital University of Physical Education and Sports

基　　金：国家社会科学基金(07XTY003);新世纪优秀人才支持计划资助

摘　　要：目的:考察锻炼效果认知与锻炼行为阶段变化的关系。方法:采用锻炼行为阶段量表和锻炼效果自评量表等工具对587名知识分子进行了问卷调查,通过单因素方差分析比较了处于不同锻炼行为阶段的人群之间在健康状况和锻炼效果认知评价等方面的差异。结果:不同锻炼行为阶段的锻炼者健康状况自评得分的差异具有显著性(P<0.001),不同锻炼行为阶段的锻炼者对自己参加体育锻炼获得的效果自评总分上的差异非常显著(P<0.001)。结论:1)随着锻炼行为阶段向前发展(前意向→意向→行动→坚持),健康状况呈现持续变好的趋势。2)随着锻炼行为阶段向前发展,个体在乐趣、健康、能力、外貌和社交5个方面的体育锻炼效果认知评价越来越好;提高个体对体育锻炼效果的认知有利于个体坚持锻炼。3)个体刚开始参加体育锻炼时最容易认知到的是锻炼的健康效果;娱乐效果在长期的体育锻炼参与后才能有更深刻的体验。Purpose： The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between perceived exercise effects and periodic behavior changes of exercise. Method： 587 intellectuals were surveyed through questionnaire and by using the exercise behavior stage scale and the self-evaluation scale of exercise effects. The differences in health conditions and perceived exercise effects of subjects during different exercise stages were compared by means of one-way ANOV_A. Results： there is significant difference in the exer- cisers＇ self-evaluation of their health conditions at different exercise behavior stages （P〈0. 001）. Conclusion： 1）Their health conditions increase with progress of exercise behaviors stages （pre-intention-intention-action-persistence）. 2）With the exercise behavior stage progressing,the evaluation in perceived exercise effects of individuals is becoming better in aspects of enjoyment, fitness, competence, appearance, and social activities, and this improved awareness is beneficial for individuals to persist in sports exercises. 3） Fitness effect is usually easy to perceive in the beginning stage of participating exercises, while perceived enjoyment effect can only be shown after a long period of sports exercise.

关 键 词：体育锻炼 锻炼效果 行为阶段 跨理论 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]