胶质微环境与中枢神经系统损伤修复  

Glial microenvironment and repair in central nervous system injury

作　　者：张汉[1] 苏志达[1] 

机构地区：[1]第二军医大学神经科学研究所墩育部分子神经生物学重点实验室,上海200433

出　　处：《国际脑血管病杂志》2010年第2期151-156,共6页International Journal of Cerebrovascular Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（30700209）

摘　　要：中枢神经系统（central nervous system，CNS）损伤包括脑损伤和脊髓损伤，致残率和病死率较高。因此，CNS损伤修复一直是神经科学领域的一个研究重点和热点。成年哺乳动物神经元的内在再生能力有限是CNS损伤后再生困难的原因之一，但更为重要的原因是损伤局部抑制性胶质微环境的形成。文章就胶质微环境内星形胶质细胞、小胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞等各类组成细胞在CNS损伤修复中的作用做了综述。Central nervous system （CNS） injury, including brain injury and spinal cord injury, has higher disability and mortality, Therefore, CNS injury repair has been a research emphasis and focus in the field of neuroscience, the limited neurons intrinsic regenerative capacity in adult mammalians is one of the reasons of regeneration difficulties after CNS injury. However, the more important reason is the formation of inhibitive glial microenvironment at the local lesion sites. This article reviews the roles of all types of cells, such as astrocyte, microglia, and oligodendroglia in glial microenvironment in CNS injury repair.

关 键 词：脑损伤 脊髓损伤 神经胶质 体内稳态 星形胶质细胞 小胶质细胞 少突胶质细胞 神经再生 神经元可塑性 神经元 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]