广州不同生境类型区域昆虫多样性  

Insect diversity in different habitats in Guangzhou of China

作　　者：李志刚[1,2,3] 张碧胜[2] 翟欣[2] 龚鹏博[2] 黄宁生[1] 匡耀求[1] 郭明昉[2] 韩诗畴[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所,广州510640 [2]广东省昆虫研究所,广州510260 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第2期357-362,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：广州市专项基金资助项目[GZ-ZY(2004)0806]

摘　　要：2005—2006年,对广州全域4个不同生境类型区域(中心城市区、农田区、沿海湿地区和森林区)的昆虫群落进行6次调查,共获得昆虫标本10595号,分属于22个目、216个科。多样性分析结果表明,森林区昆虫群落的丰富度指数、多样性指数、复杂性指数最高,其次为农田区、中心城市区,最低为沿海湿地区;沿海湿地区昆虫群落的优势度最高,其他依次为中心城市区、农田区和森林区。不同生境类型昆虫群落多样性指数的时间动态不同,森林区、农田区和沿海湿地区的丰富度指数及Shannon-Wiener多样性指数均为6—7月最高,中心城市区以9—10月最高;农田区昆虫群落的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数及均匀度指数随时间波动最大,森林区的丰富度指数时间波动最大,中心城市区的优势度时间波动最大。相似性分析结果表明,森林区和农田区昆虫群落具有的相同科数最多,相似性系数最高,沿海湿地区和森林区、农田区、城市区具有的相同科数都较少,相似性系数也较低。广州不同生境类型区域昆虫多样性存在差异,森林区受城市化进程影响较小,生境得到较好保护,昆虫多样性丰富,沿海湿地区由于城市化发展改变了原生生境,昆虫多样性遭到较大破坏,因此在城市化进程中,要加强对生态环境的保护,减少对生物多样性的破坏。From May 2005 to December 2006,six investigations were made on the insect communities in the urban area,farmland,coastal wetland,and forestland in Guangzhou. A total of 10595 specimens were collected,belonging to 216 families and 22 orders. The indices Margalef species richness,Shannon-Wiener diversity,and complexity of community were the highest in forestland,followed by in farmland and urban area,and in coastal wetland; while the dominance index was the highest in coastal wetland,followed by in urban area,farmland,and forestland. The temporal dynamics of the diversity indices varied with habitat. The Shannon-Wiener index and richness index in forestland,farmland,and coastal wetland were the highest in June-July,while those in urban area were the highest the in September-October. The Shannon-Wiener index and evenness index fluctuated most in farmland,while the richness index and McNaughton index fluctuated most in forestland and urban area,respectively. Forestland and farmland had the highest similarity in term of the numbers of common families,while coastal wetland had the most distinct family composition,as compared to other habitats. It could be concluded that the insect diversity and abundance in Guangzhou varied with habitat,e.g.,forestland had the highest insect diversity because it was less affected by urbanization processes in city,while coastal wetland showed the simplified insect community due to the urbanization. Therefore,during urbanization,it would be necessary to protect the natural environment for the maintenance of biodiversity.

关 键 词：生境类型 昆虫多样性 城市化 广州 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学]