铬渣堆放场地土壤的污染过程、影响因素及植物修复  

Soil pollution processes,their affecting factors,and phytoremediation of chromium slag heads:A review

作　　者：荣伟英[1] 周启星[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室,天津300071 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室,沈阳110016

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2010年第3期598-604,共7页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(20777040);高等学校科技创新工程重大项目培育资金资助项目(707011)

摘　　要：铬渣堆放场地的土壤污染已成为重要的环境问题之一,并引起广泛关注。为了对铬渣堆场铬污染情况有更加详细的了解,本文对铬渣污染土壤的2个基本过程(铬渣中铬的水平迁移过程与垂直运移过程)、土壤有机质、pH、Eh和含水量、土壤类型及其无机胶体组成以及地下水运动方向等影响其迁移的因素进行了分析。在此基础上,对铬超积累植物的筛选、铬超积累植物的富集机制、铬渣堆场周围污染土壤的植物修复及其机理进行了概述。虽然目前对铬污染土壤的植物修复还处于起步阶段,但利用超积累植物对铬渣污染场地进行修复前景广阔。Soil pollution of chromium slag heads has become an important environmental issue,and more and more attention has paid to the topic.In order to have a more detailed understanding of this pollution,two basic soil pollution processes,i.e.,horizontal and vertical migration of chromium,as well the related affecting factors,including soil organic matter,pH,Eh,water capacity,soil type,composition of soil inorganic colloids,and flowing direction of groundwater,were analyzed.Meanwhile,the research progress on the identification and screening-out of chromium hyperaccumulators,accumulation mechanisms of chromium hyperaccumulators,and phytoremediation of contaminated soils around chromium slag heads and its mechanisms were summarized.It was considered that the use of chromium hyperaccumulators to remediate the contaminated sites of chromium slag heads would have a wide prospect,though the phytoremediation of chromium-contaminated soils is still at its initial stage.

关 键 词：铬渣堆放场地 土壤污染 植物修复 铬超积累植物 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]