β-胡萝卜素对红白锦鲤生长、体色及代谢的初步研究  

Primary Study of β-carotene on Growth, Colouring and Deposition of Red-white Koi Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)

作　　者：白东清[1] 闫珊珊[1] 吴旋[1] 朱国霞[1] 宁博[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津农学院水产科学系水产生态及养殖重点实验室,天津300384

出　　处：《天津农学院学报》2010年第1期1-5,共5页Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University

摘　　要：通过投喂含有β-胡萝卜素为0、0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0、2.5 g/kg的人工配合饲料,采用光谱法,对β-胡萝卜素对450尾红白锦鲤体色的影响及其在体内的沉积部位进行了研究,并用色谱方法对β-胡萝卜素在体内的色素组分进行了研究。饲养2个月后,测定皮肤、鳞片、头、鳍条的色素吸光度值,对上述溶液进行浓缩,并薄层层析。结果表明,红白锦鲤总色素光谱在可见光区(454 nm和470 nm)有两个吸收峰,β-胡萝卜素在1.0 g/kg组的增长率、增重率、特定增长率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),1.0～2.5 g/kg各组的饵料系数均显著低于对照组(P<0.05);对于鲤的红白和红色区域,β-胡萝卜素的添加量为1.5～2.0 g/kg时,对红白锦鲤体色的增色效果最好;β-胡萝卜素对红白锦鲤白色区域总类胡萝卜素的含量影响很小;β-胡萝卜素在红白锦鲤体内的主要沉积部位是皮肤和鳍条;β-胡萝卜素在红白锦鲤体内主要转化为虾青素。By feeding with the β-carotene of 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 g/kg diet, the influences of β-carotene on the body colour of the 450 red-white koi carps （Cyprinus carpio L.） and the deposition position of β-carotene in the carp body were investigated by the spectrophotometer method. The pigment components of β-carotene in koi carp were also investigated by the thin layer chromatography. After 2 months, the samples of skin, scale, head and fin ray of the carps were selected for the subsequent analysis of determining their total carotenoid contents and the absorbance values, so the above solutions were evaporated to dryness, and then were measured by the thin layer chromatography. The results show that the spectrum of total pigment of koi carp had two absorption peaks in visible light （454 nm and 470 nm）. The growth rate, weight gain and specific growth rate of red-white of koi carp fed with 1.0 g/kg β-carotene tended to be obviously higher than the control group （P〈0.05）, while the FCR of groups fed with 1.0-2.5 g/kg β-carotene was significantly lower than the control group （P〈0.05）. The colouring of red-white and red region in koi carp was the best at 1.5-2.0 g/kg β-carotene in diet, while the β-carotene added in the diets did not have any effects on total carotenoid concentration of skin/scale of white region. The β-carotene mainly deposited in skin and fin ray. And it mainly transformed into astaxanthin in koi carp.

关 键 词：Β-胡萝卜素 红白锦鲤 类胡萝卜素 薄层层析 

分 类 号：S963.8[农业科学—水产养殖]