压榨脱水中水葫芦氮磷钾养分损失研究  

Losses in nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium of water hyacinth dehydrated by mechanical press

作　　者：杜静[1] 常志州[1] 叶小梅[1] 黄红英[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2010年第1期104-107,共4页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2009BAC63B02)

摘　　要：以水葫芦为试验材料，经机械粉碎，在0～12MPa的压力条件下，研究了水葫芦脱水效果及脱水过程中水葫芦氮、磷、钾等养分的损失，结果表明，随着压力由0增加至12MPa时，水葫芦含水率由初始的94．72％降低至68．90％，脱水率高达91．27％，其干物质损失率为29．31％。水葫芦中氮、磷、钾等养分在液相中的比例随挤压压力增加而增加；当压力为12MPa时，挤压残渣中氮、磷、钾养分的损失率分别为52.28％、47．83％、84．83％，各养分损失与其在水葫芦中的存在形态密切相关，养分游离性越高，其损失率越高。An experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of dehydration by mechanical press on water removal and NPK losses. The results showed that when the pressure increased from 0 MPa to 12MPa, the moisture content was reduced from 94.72% to 68.90%. The dehydration rate was up to 91. 27% and the dry matter loss was up to 29.31%. The leached NPK increased as the pressure increased. Under a pressure up to 12MPa, the maximum losses in NPK were 52.28%, 47.83% and 84.83%, respectively. The rates of loss on different nutrients were： total N （Kjeldahl nitrogen） （71.00%） 〉 inorganic nitrogen （42.97%）, water-soluble P （68.90%） 〉 organic P （45.03 %） and water-soluble K （84.75 %） . The nutrient losses in water hyacinth under the mechanical press were closely related to the nutrients＇ water solubility.

关 键 词：水葫芦 脱水效果 干物质损失 养分损失 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]