利他林对注意缺陷多动障碍大鼠注意定势转移能力与内侧前额叶神经递质及其代谢产物的影响  

The effects of ritalin on the both attentional set shifting and levels of neurotransmitters and their metabolites in the mPFC in rat as a model of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

作　　者：刘军[1] 苏巧荣[2] 曹枫林[3] 苏程[1] 

机构地区：[1]广州医学院第二附属医院心理科,广州510260 [2]绍兴文理学院医学院 [3]山东大学护理学院

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2010年第3期237-240,共4页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

摘　　要：目的探讨利他林改善注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）大鼠动物模型（SHR）注意定势转移能力的可能神经生化机制。方法4周雄性SHR16只，分为SHR模型对照组（SN）8只、SHR利他林药物组（SR）8只；4周雄性WKY大鼠正常对照组（WN）8只，记录评定注意定势转移任务的循环数评价注意定势转移能力。利用高效液相-库伦阵列技术检测各脑区匀浆液神经递质多巴胺（DA）、去甲肾上腺素（NE）、5-羟色胺（5-HT）及其代谢产物3，4-二羟基苯乙酸（DOPAC）、3-甲氧基4-羟苯乙二醇（MHPG）、5-羟吲哚乙酸（5-HIAA）的水平的水平。结果（1）SHR在SD、CD、CDIEI、IDS、EDS能够连续6次正确完成操作任务所需要的次数明显多于WKY大鼠（P〈0．05～P〈0．01）；（2）SHR给予利他林治疗后，在所有阶段完成任务所需要的循环次数都较SHR对照组减少（P〈0．05）。（3）大鼠内侧前额叶腹侧部匀浆液神经递质水平：SN组的NE水平[（504．142±100．96）ng·g^-1]明显高于WN组[（354．42±125．38）ng·g^-1，P=0．001]；SN组的MHPG水平[（1560．04±159．69）ng·g^-1]明显低于WN组[（1709．95±322．29）ng·g^-1，P=0．000]；SN组NE和DA的利用率（MHPG／NE=3．28±1．11、DOPAC／DA：0．93±0．31）均明显低于WN组（4．19±1．42、0．67±0．5，P值分别：0．002，0．000，）；SHR给予利他林（SR）治疗后，与SN组比较，MHPG[（1153．3±87．98）ng·g^-1，（1560．04±159．69）ng·g^-1，P=0．000]、DOPAC[（24．31±7．01）ng·g^-1，（67．63±14．7）ng·g^-1，P=0．000]的浓度增高了，同时NE[（1．95±0．37），（3．28±1．11），P=0．000]和DA[（0．31±0．15），（0．93±0．31），P=0．000]的利用率提高了。结论（1）SHR存在注意定势转移能力缺陷（2）SHR内侧前额叶腹侧部存在较低的NE、DA利用率，和相对不平衡的NE高活性、DA低活性；（3）利他林可以提高SHR内侧前额叶腹Objective To evaluate the enhancement effects of ritalin enhancement of attentional set shifting and motor activity by assessing ability of attentional set shifting in juvenile spontaneously hypertensive rats （SHRs） as an animal model of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Methods Sixteen male 4 week-old SHRs were randomly divided into ritalin（SR） and saline（SN） ,control groups（WN） respectively. The number of trails were recorded as the sign of the ability of attentional set shifting. Results The number of trails to reach the criterion of six consecutive was significantly more in the SN group than those of WN group in SD, CD,CDR, IDS, EDS （P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.01 ）. The same was observed in the SN group than in the ritalin-treated group（SR） in all stages exeept IDSR （P 〈 0.05, P 〈 0.01 ）. Ventral subdivisions of mPFC ： （ 1 ） At the base line, SN （ （ 504. 142 ± 100.96） ng·g^-1 ） group have exhibited a higher NE （ （ 354.42 ± 125.38 ）ng·g^-1, P = 0. 001 ） level, MHPG/ DOPAC ratio, a lower utilization ratio （ MHPG/NE = 3.28 ± 1. 11, DOPAC/DA = 0.93 ±0.31 ） and a lower MHPG level （ （ 1560.04 ±159.69 ） ng·g^-1 ） when compared with the WN subgroup （ （ 1709.95 ± 322.29 ） ng·g^-1, P=0. 000）. （2）The ritalin treatment in SHRs decreased MHPG/DOPAC ratio and also increased the utilization ratio （ MHPG/NE ： 1.95 ± 0.37,3.28 ± 1.11, P = 0. 000 ; DOPAC/DA ： 0.31 ± 0. 15,0.93 ±0.31, P = 0. 000 ）, and MHPG,DOPAC level when compared with the SN group（P 〈 0.05 - P 〈 0.01 ） . Conclusions （ 1 ） The juvenile SHRs have the disability of attentional set shifting, ritalin has shown effect to improve the ability of attentional set shifting in SHRs. （2）Decreased utilization ratios （DOPAC/DA,MHPG/NE） were found in in the ventral subdivision of mPFC in the SHRs while a relative unbalance between hypodopaminergic and hypernoradrenergic activity was also noted. （3） Effects of ritalin has been observed in enhanceme

关 键 词：注意定势转移 利他林 内侧前额叶 神经递质 库仑阵列检测 

分 类 号：R749.94[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]