织构复合水化体系的假说 第四报:水复合方式初探  

Hypothesis of textural composite hydrate system IV:Study on hydration composite ways

作　　者：朴东旭[1] 毛立江[1] 胡元洁[1] 陈晓东[1] 张颍[1] 孙瑞焕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国康复研究中心医用高分子研究室,北京市100068

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》2010年第2期333-336,共4页Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:人体组织中的水分子和生物大分子结合形成水复合物。不同类型的大分子与水分子复合的方式也不同。目的:讨论水分子和生物大分子进行复合的基本方式。方法:提出了织构复合水化体系(TCHS)的理论假说。通过计算机检索相关文献,对这些问题展开讨论。结果与结论:根据水在水复合体中的作用特点,可以分类为如下4种复合方式。①表面复合:球状蛋白质分子或DNA分子表面形成水复合膜层。水膜层显示水分子运动速度和水化密度由表及里逐渐减弱。水复合膜确保大分子的几何形态和物理状态稳定,而且在TCHS形成中发挥重要作用。②溶胀复合:由于糖胺聚糖的强烈水合作用,水复合的蛋白聚糖发生溶胀,显示高黏度和水凝胶特性。它在结缔组织中发挥重要的力学贡献,如赋予软骨以强大的抗变形能力。③疏水复合:在疏水作用下磷脂分子经结构重排形成脂双分子层结构(生物膜)。该亲水-疏水-亲水的"三明治"结构,有助于自身的力学稳定、与膜蛋白的结合、跨膜运输等。④缝隙复合:细胞内外大量存在着纳米尺度的狭窄空间,位于其中的水溶液因水分子发生重排而物性异常,如黏度增高、冰点下降等。缝隙复合和表面复合两者具有某些共性,前者可以看作是后者的一种特例。上述的分类方法不具有绝对的涵义。但是合理运用这些水复合方式将有助于研究织构复合水化体系的理论。BACKGROUND：The water molecules and biological macromolecules in human tissue may combine to form hydrate composite. Different types of macromolecules show different approaches to combine with water molecules. OBJECTIVE：To discuss the basic form of water molecules combined with biological macromolecules. METHODS：The theoretical hypothesis of texture composite hydration system was proposed. The relevant literatures were retrieved through the computer to discuss these issues. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：According to the role of water in the hydrate composite,the composite ways can be divided into the following 4 groups. ①Surface composite：Hydrated membrane layers can form on the surface of globular protein or DNA molecules. The hydrated membrane layer shows that the speed of water molecular and hydrate density were reduced gradually from surface to inside. The hydrated layer makes the shape and physical state of the macromolecules stabilized,and it plays important role in forming of TCHS. ②Swelling composite：As a result of the strong hydration of glycosaminoglycans,the hydrated proteoglycan often swells and shows high viscosity and hydrogel character. The hydrated proteoglycan play some mechanical roles in connective tissue. For example,it can make the cartilage have a strong deformation-resistibility. ③Hydrophobic composite：Hydrophobic effect drives structural rearrangement,including the formation of bilayers （Bio-membrane）. This hydrophilic-hydrophobic-hydrophilic ＂sandwich＂ structure is conducive to the self-stability in mechanics,combination with membrane protein and transmembrane transport. ④Slit composite：A lot of slit spaces with nano scale were existing inside and outside of the cells. Aqueous solution in the slit spaces shows some abnormal characters such as higher viscosity and lower ice point,because of the rearrangement of water molecules. Slit composite and surface composite have some universality,and it can be regarded the former as a special case of the latter. The classific

关 键 词：水复合 复合方式 表面复合 溶胀复合 疏水复合 缝隙复合 人体组织 织构复合水化体系 蛋白质稳定性 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]