发现史料之外的历史——以傅斯年研究为例  被引量:9

Discovering History Beyond Historical Data——The Case of Studies of Fu Sinian

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作  者:张太原[1] 

机构地区:[1]中共中央党校党史部

出  处:《近代史研究》2010年第2期51-61,共11页Modern Chinese History Studies

基  金:张太原在聊城大学期间申请的一个国家社科基金项目(04CZS011)的阶段性成果

摘  要:人物研究向来是史学研究的一个重要领域。近年来,随着史学潮流的变化,人物研究出现了一些新的取向。以傅斯年研究为例,主要表现在:以各种形式的新材料揭示了新的问题;重回历史现场,揭示了其史学口号的本旨,并梳理了"史料学派"对后世的影响。其中,似无意形成了这样一种学术追求:走进人物的心灵,去发现史料之外的历史。按此,不是不需要史料,而是需要更多的史料甚至穷尽史料,去以实证虚,即探求人物的无意识心理、言之真意、言外之意、未言之思、行中所寄、未行所系。这显然超越于各种单纯的史料而形成"史料之外的历史"。如此所为,或许能变作今后人物研究的有意识指向,以使史学研究跃进到一个更高的阶段。Historical biography has always been an important field of history.In recent years,as historiographic fashion has changed,new trends have appeared in historical biography.Taking studies of Fu Sinian as an example,these new trends appear mainly in using all kinds of new materials to uncover new questions,and in returning to historical sites to reveal the original intent of historiographic slogans and clarify the influence of the 'historical materials school.' These trends contain the seemingly unconscious formation of a scholarly aspiration:to enter the hearts of historical figures and discover a history outside of historical data.According to this point of view,it is not that we don't need historical data,but rather that we need to use more historical data,or even exhaust all historical data in order to provide solid evidence for our theories.That is,we must probe into the unconscious minds of historical figures,into the real meaning of their words,the thoughts beyond their words,their unexpressed thoughts,intentions hidden in their acts,and the meanings behind their inactions.Obviously this transcends simple historical data and constitutes a 'history beyond historical data.' Perhaps this method can become the conscious direction of historical biography in the future,and raise historical research to a higher level.

关 键 词:史料 历史 傅斯年 人物研究 

分 类 号:K092[历史地理—历史学]

 

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