考古发掘现场智能预探测系统的设计与应用  

Design and field tests of anintelligent robotic system for archaeological exploration

作　　者：王珏瑶[1] 朱晓蕊[1] 铁付德 赵涛[1] 苏伯民[3] 胥諝 杨军昌 赵西晨 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院,广东深圳518055 [2]中国国家博物馆,北京100006 [3]敦煌研究院,甘肃敦煌736200 [4]陕西省考古研究院,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2010年第1期8-12,共5页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助(2006BAK30B04)

摘　　要：鉴于考古工作中发掘现场情况的不确定性,为改进我国古墓葬遗址等发掘现场的传统探测方法,探讨利用自动化技术,设计开发一套考古发掘现场智能预探测系统,在无考古人员进入墓葬发掘现场的情况下实现预探测功能。该系统主要面向古墓葬遗址的发掘考古需求,由远程监控端、机器人及传输线缆组成。采取分体模块化设计小尺寸机器人,使其可简便拆装成直筒式或车体式两种外形,以适用小直径手工探洞或大直径盗洞两种不同形式的发掘入口。机器人本体集成视频采集及气体传感等环境检测功能模块,实时采集数据并通过传输线缆发送至远程监控端。远程监控端提供窗口化的监控界面软件,该软件在Micro Visual Studio 2005开发平台下完成,在显示并记录采集所得图像和数据的同时,可对机器人的部分模块进行控制。该考古发掘现场智能预探测系统设计制造后在陕西省三个古墓葬遗址进行了实地测试。研究结果显示,数据采集准确及时、视频图像清晰可靠、整体系统运行稳定、可操作性强,基本满足了考古发掘现场的实际需要,推进了考古发掘工作的科技化进程。Due to uncertainties during on-site archaeological explorations and to improve traditional exploration technologies for ancient tomb sites in China, an intelligent robotic system based on automatics was designed and developed. The system is designed to record the internal environment of the ancient underground tombs. The recorded data are used to aid in preservation of antiques inside the ancient tombs as well as for providing the valuable references to the archaeological research. The entire system is modular and of minimal size, and can be adapted for two different archaeological situations during the exploration of the ancient tombs. The robotic system can enter covered ancient tombs through holes dug for regular archaeological exploration. In one case the vertical digging hole is less than 12 em in diameter, and the other is 50 cm in diameter. Archaeologists can operate and control the robotic system by wired communication. Finally ,field test results are presented for validation of this archaeological robotic system design.

关 键 词：考古探测 机器人 

分 类 号：TP242.6[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]